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le cy of Na leon ma armie meant that Euro n natio would have l armie Thus there w a demand for more wea n and Krupp gladly met the demand The machine gun had en invented as had the sm l re rifle, which p vided distance and a u y. At Waterl l­ diers had en able to fire three rounds r minute. Now they could fire sixteen
Germany al felt it had a phil phical tifi tion for militarism The Germans lieved in Darw 's t ching survival of the fittest It was a national do a in Ge any that war stified a conflict in which the st nger or su rior survived Though m y ple now eve that the "mas r r " id me to Ge y with tler, it was ac­ tually there much earlier. Nietszche had ught that is dea " and therefore men need not w ry a ut m al command and that the Ger­ mans were a r-r e. the influence of re on faded in Germany, the wo ip of the nation t k its place.
Ital,y, now a united nation, w anti atholic and chaotic. e Italian gove ment had pretensions of ing a eat wer and still coveted A trian ter tory, es ially the uth Tyrol
ria-Hungary was in detail in the t chapter. Franz J f was ling well but the t dies in his life were g their em tional tolL Li l nationali were active within the Empire, and the r­ bians as well the Italians wanted Austri land
In the V ic Pius X (1 1914) su ed Leo Since oni a nt, he led a holy, ple life, but he vigoro ly ught the evils of the time He i ued a condemnation of Moder sm, the heresy which brought li ral d t nes into the Church, p y by deny g a lute truth and the re bility of the riptur last letter re he died was an ap l r He was succeeded by nedict XV (1914-1922}
T ughout Euro the c ve nt was o ng. e an ­ chists op d all ex ting ve ents but cially monarchi hated pro rty and the ruling c pr ched the nece ty of violence, and r o d no moral a lut From 1894-1914 six h ds of state were inated by the anarchis a pre dent of F ce, two prime mi ters of S n, Empre El th of A tria, the king of Italy, and President McK ey of the United S t
In , on the surface the wealthy cla could lieve that all was well and that their tion was indest ctible. But unde eath, dark curren flowed, and the up r cl lacked the moral strength to d with them The e mples that follow will illust te the fun ental ins -