Page 370 - Practical English Usage 3ed - Michael Swan, Oxford

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names and titles: Peter; Mr Lewis 363 Jerusalem, Peking (now usually Beijing), Bombay (now usually Mllmbat),
Calcutta (now usually Kolkata). classical names
The same is true of many classical Greek and Roman names. Some examples:
Homer, Aeschylus, Livy, Horace, Ovid, Virgil, Aesop, Aristotle, Euclid, Sophocles, Mercury, Jupiter, Helen, Troy, Odysseus
artists
The Italian artists Raffaello Sanzio and Tiziano are called Raphael and Titian in English.
countries
The names of countries, of course, also differ from one language to another (e.g. Deutschland, Nemecko, Allemagne, Germany). English versions are not listed here, as they are well known and can easily be found in any dictionary if needed.
names and titles: Peter; Mr Lewis
Names and titles are used both when talking about people and when talking to them. There are some differences.
talking about people
When we talk about people we can name them in four ways.
a first name
We use first names mostly informally, for relatives, friends and children.
Where's Peter? He said he'd be here at three. How's Maud getting Oil at school?
b first name + surname
This is neutral - neither particularly formal nor particularly informal.
Isn't that Peter Connolly the actor?
We're going Oil holiday with Mary and Daniel Sinclair.
c title (Mr, Mrs etc) + surname
This is more formal. We talk like this about people we do not know, or when we want to show respect or be polite.
Can I speak to Mr Lewis, please?
We've got a new teacher called Mrs Campbell.
Ask Miss Andrews to come in, please.
There's a Ms Sanders on the phone.
Note that it is less usual to talk about people by using title + first name + surname (e.g. Mr John Parker).
d surname only
We often use just the surname to talk about men (and occasionally women) in public life - politicians, sports personalities, writers and so on.
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