Page 453 - Practical English Usage 3ed - Michael Swan, Oxford

prefix mainly added to u1tra- adj., nouns
un- adj., participles verbs
under- verbs, participles
uni- adj., nouns vice- nouns
2 suffixes that form nouns
usual meaning examples extreme, beyond ultra-modern,
suffix
-age
-aI
-ance, -ancy
-ation
-ee
-ence, -ency -er
-er/or
-ess -ette -ful -hood
-ing
-ism
-ity -ment
-ness -ocracy -ology -phile -phobe -phobia
-ship
mainly added to verbs
verbs
adj., verbs
verbs verbs
verbs
adj., verbs nouns verbs
nouns nouns nouns nouns
nouns
nouns nouns
adj. verbs
adj. nouns nouns nouns nouns nouns
nouns
not, opposite reverse action too little
one deputy
usual meaning instance of instance of process/state of
process/state of product of
ultrasound uncertain, unexpected untie, undress underestimate, under-developed unilateral, unicycle vice-chairman
examples
breakage, shrinkage refusal, dismissal reluctance, performance,
expectancy exploration, starvation organisation,
foundation
payee, employee independence. presidency teenager, Londoner
prefixes and suffixes 445
object of verb
process/state of
belonging to
person/thing that writer, driver, starter,
does female
small
amount held in quality, group,
time of quantity of
material activity
belief, practice
quality of process/result of
quality of government by study of
lover of
hater, fearer of irrational fear of
status. state. quality of
editor
lioness, waitress kitchenette
spoonful, cupful brotherhood, childhood
carpeting, tubing
farming, sUrfing communism,
impressionism elasticity. falsity government,
arrangement meanness, happiness democracy
sociology
Anglophile Anglophobe arachnophobia
(fear of spiders)
friendship, dictatorship
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