Page 158 - Western Civilization A Brief History, Volume I To 1715 9th - Jackson J. Spielvogel

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The Roman Empire
A second-century Roman marble bust of Hadrian
CHAPTER OUTLINE
AND FOCUS QUESTIONS
The Age of Augustus (31 B.C.E.–14 C.E.)
Q In his efforts to solve the problems Rome had faced during the late republic, what changes did Augustus make in Rome’s political, military, and social institutions?
The Early Empire (14–180)
Q What were the chief features of the Roman Empire at its height during the second century?
Roman Culture and Society in the Early Empire
Q What were the chief intellectual, artistic, and social
developments in the early empire? How did these differ from the intellectual, artistic, and social developments of the Republic?
Transformation of the Roman World: Crises in the Third Century
Q What political, military, economic, and social
problems did the Roman Empire face during the third century?
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Transformation of the Roman World: The Rise of Christianity
Q What characteristics of Christianity enabled it to
grow and ultimately to triumph?
CRITICAL THINKING
Q How did changes in the composition and character of the Roman military affect the Roman Empire?
CONNECTIONS TO TODAY
Q Can any lessons be learned from the development of the Roman Empire that apply to states in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries?
WITH THE VICTORIES of Octavian, peace finally settled on the Roman world. Although civil conflict still erupted occasionally, the new imperial state constructed by Octavian experienced a period of remarkable stability for
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Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence//Alinari/The Bridgeman Art Library