Page 365 - Western Civilization A Brief History, Volume I To 1715 9th - Jackson J. Spielvogel

14
Europe and the World: New Encounters, 1500–1800
A 1536 Mercator projection map showing the route of Ferdinand Magellan’s first circumnavigation of the world
CHAPTER OUTLINE
AND FOCUS QUESTIONS
On the Brink of a New World
Q Why did Europeans begin to embark on voyages of discovery and expansion at the end of the fifteenth century?
New Horizons: The Portuguese and Spanish Empires
Q How did Portugal and Spain acquire their overseas
empires, and how did their empires differ?
New Rivals on the World Stage
Q How did the arrival of the Dutch, British, and French on the world scene in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries affect Africa, India, Southeast Asia, China, and Japan? What were the main features of the African slave trade, and what effects did it have on Africa?
The Impact of European Expansion
Q How did European expansion affect both the conquered and the conquerors?
Toward a World Economy
Q What was mercantilism, and what was its relationship to colonial empires?
CRITICAL THINKING
Q What was the relationship between European overseas expansion and political, economic, and social developments in Europe?
CONNECTIONS TO TODAY
Q Considering both the benefits and the consequences, what are the similarities and differences between the overseas trade that developed in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and the global trade of the twenty- first century?
Copyright 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
WHILE MANY EUROPEANS were occupied with the problems of dynastic expansion and religious reform, others were taking voyages that propelled Europeans far beyond the medieval walls in which they had been enclosed for almost a thousand years. One of these adventurers was the Portuguese
327
A
P
T
H
E
C
R
The Everett Collection, Inc.