Page 84 - Western Civilization A Brief History, Volume I To 1715 9th - Jackson J. Spielvogel

CHAPTER TIMELINE
Hebrews
Assyrians
Babylonians
Persians
1000 B.C.E.
Creation of monarchy in Israel
800 B.C.E. 600 B.C.E. 400 B.C.E.
Golden age of Hebrew prophecy
Assyria destroys northern kingdom of Israel
Chaldeans destroy Jerusalem
Return of Babylonian exiles to Jerusalem
Height of Assyrian Empire Assyrian Empire destroyed
Hanging Gardens of Babylon Height of Neo-Babylonian Empire
Conquests of Cyrus Reign of Darius Zoroastrianism
200 B.C.E.
CHAPTER REVIEW
Upon Reflection
Q What were the major characteristics of the civilization established by the Israelites?
Q Compare and contrast the administrative and military structure and attitudes toward subject peoples of the Assyrian and Persian Empires.
Key Terms
monotheism (p. 32) satrapy (p. 40)
Suggestions for Further Reading
THE HITTITES On the Hittites, see T. Bryce, The Kingdom of the Hittites, 2d ed. (Oxford, 2006), and Life and Society in the Hittite World (Oxford, 2002).
ANCIENT ISRAEL There is an enormous literature on ancient Israel. For an important revisionist view on the archaeological aspects, see I. Finkelstein and N. Silberman, The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology’s New Vision of Ancient Israel (New York, 2002). For a historical narrative, see H. Shanks, Ancient Israel: A Short History from Abraham to the Roman
Q If the large empires of the Assyrians and Persians dominated the entire Near East for centuries, why did the small state of the Israelites have a greater impact on Western civilization?
satrap (p. 43) Zoroastrianism (p. 44)
Destruction of the Temple, rev. ed. (Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1999). On the origins of the Israelites, see W. G. Dever, Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come From? (Grand Rapids, Mich., 2003). On controversies surrounding the history of the Israelites, see J. M. Golden, Ancient Canaan and Israel (Oxford, 2004). For a general study on the religion of Israel, see W. J. Doorly, The Religion of Israel (New York, 1997).
THE PHOENICIANS For a good account of Phoenician domes- tic and overseas expansion, see D. Harden, The Phoenicians,
46 Chapter 2 The Ancient Near East: Peoples and Empires
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