Page 88 - Western Civilization A Brief History, Volume I To 1715 9th - Jackson J. Spielvogel

0 0
100
200
300 Kilometers 200 Miles
EPIRUS
Sea
Corinth Olympia Argos
MACEDONIA
THRACE
Hellespont
Corcyra THESSALY Mt
Aegean Sea
Lesbos
Mt Olympus
Troy
Parnassus Euboea
Athens
Delphi BOEOTIA
Gulf of Thebes
Chios Ionian CorinthATTICA Samos
IONIA
Miletus Halicarnassus
Rhodes
PELOPONNESUS
Delos Paros
MESSENIA
Sparta
LACONIA
Mediterranean Sea
Knossus
Crete
100
MAP 3.1 Ancient Greece (ca. 750–338 B.C.E.). Between 750 and 500 B.C.E., the city-state emerged as the central institution in Greek life. Classical Greece lasted from about 500 to 338 B.C.E. and encompassed the high points of Greek civilization in the arts, science, philosophy, and politics, but also the Persian wars and the Peloponnesian War.
Q How does the geography of Greece help explain the rise and development of the Greek city-state?
established there by 2800 B.C.E. This forgotten civiliza- tion was rediscovered at the turn of the twentieth cen- tury by the English archaeologist Arthur Evans, who named it “Minoan” (mi-NOH-un) after Minos, a legend- ary king of Crete. In language and religion, the Mino- ans were not Greek, although they did have some influence on the peoples of the Greek mainland.
Evans’s excavations on Crete led to the discovery of an enormous palace complex at Knossus (NOSS-suss), near modern Heraklion, that was most likely the center of a far-ranging “sea empire,” probably largely commer- cial. We know from archaeological remains that the
50 Chapter 3 The Civilization of the Greeks
people of Minoan Crete were accustomed to sea travel and had made contact with the more advanced civiliza- tion of Egypt. Minoan Cretans also made contact with and exerted influence on the Greek-speaking inhabi- tants of the Greek mainland.
The Minoan civilization reached its height between 2000 and 1450 B.C.E. The palace at Knossus, the royal seat of the kings, demonstrates the prosperity and power of this civilization. It was an elaborate structure built around a central courtyard and included numer- ous private living rooms for the royal family and work- shops for making decorated vases, small sculptures,
Sea of Crete
Copyright 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Amorgos
Propontis (Sea of Marmara)
Bosporus