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             LIST OF PHYSICAL CONSTANTS



             Universal gravitational constant                    G        =      6.67 x 10  N m  kg −2
                                                                                                2
                                                                                          –11
             Acceleration due to gravity                         g        =      9.81 m s −2

             1 Atmosphere                                        atm      =      1.00 x 10 N m −2
                                                                                          5

             Boltzmann’s constant                                k        =      1.38 x 10  J K −1
                                                                                          −23
             Density of water                                    ρ        =      1.00 x 10  kg m −3
                                                                                          3
                                                                  w
                                                                                          −1
             Specific heat capacity of water                     C        =      4200 J kg  K −1
                                                                  water
                                                                                          6
             Specific latent heat of vaporization of water       L        =      2.26 x 10  J kg −1
                                                                  Y
             Avogadro’s number                                   N        =      6.02 x 10  per mole
                                                                                          23
                                                                  A
             Molar gas constant                                  R        =      8.31 J K  mol −1
                                                                                         −1
             Stefan–Boltzmann's constant                         σ        =      5.67 x 10  W m  K  −4
                                                                                                −2
                                                                                          −8
             Speed of light in free space (vacuum)               c        =      3.0 x 10  m s
                                                                                             −1
                                                                                        8
             Triple point temperature                            T        =      273.16 K
                                                                  tr
             1 tonne                                             t        =      1000 kg






































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