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             21G. In the year 1800 a moro sorious attempt than usual was raado by
                                        Abdul Rnhmnn-bin-Feysnl to shako the
          External A., October 1800, Nn«. 120-25.   powor of Ibn-Itashid, and having marched
          Kxtomiil A, November 1890, Noi. 4J-49.
                                        ngainst’Itiadh he captured and imprisoned
         Ibn Sabhnn, Agent of Ibn Rashid. Tho Cbiof of Oncyza (Zamil) and tho ohiof
         of Borcydah (Muhannah) with the people of Kasim espousod his cause.
             217.  Hindh was soon besieged by Ibn-Itaslud and bombarded, but with no
         distinct effect; eventually peace was concluded between him and Abdul
         Rahman. By its terms Riadh remained in tho hands of the Al-Saud, who
         coded to Ibn-Rashid, Wnsliam and Scdcyyir, with their dependencies. Tho fort
                                       of Kharj, which tho Al-Saud failed to
          External A., November 1890, Nor. 40-19.   take, was placed in charge of one of
          External A., Fcbiu-iry 1891, Nos. G3-C4.
                                        Ibn-Rashid’s officers. Both parties wrote
         to tho Mutasarrif of Ilasa ; Ibn-Rasbid, to donounco Abdur Rahman as meditat­
         ing an attack on Ilasa, and the latter, recounting the usurpations and ruthless
         tyranny of his adversary, and professing hisobcdionce to tho Turkish authorities,
         who were disposed to listen favourably to him.
             218.  In tho early part of 1891 it was reported that Ibn-Rasbid bad succeed­
                                        ed iu recapturing Riadh. lie was not
              External A , April 1890, Nos. 3G-41.
                                        so successful at first iu a contest with the
         people of Kasim, who, after two defoats, were said to have inflicted sovero loss
         on him in an action fought early in February. The success of the Kasiui people,
         if there was any at all, was liowcvor short-lived. About tho middlo of Feb­
         ruary 1891, they wero completely routed in a battle and the ohiefs of Oneyza,
         and JBoreydah wero slain. This dofeat proved disastrous to the cause of Abdul
                                       Rahman, and he was then a wandering
             External A., July 1890, Nos. 83*69.
                                       fugitivo trying to cscapo to Bahreiu.
             219.  In March 1895 Mahomed Ibn Rashid having attacked and plundered
                                       tho Ajman tribe near Sulu, the headman
              External A., May 1895, Nos. 77-78.  appealed to the Turkish Governor at Ilasa,
                                       claiming protection as they paid taxes.
         The Governor ordered an expedition against Mo honied Ibn Rashid; but the
         Commandant of the forces refused to move without superior orders, and the Gov­
         ernor then wrote to Mahomed Ibn Rashid, the latter replying that his action had
         been in tho interests of law aud order in-as-inuch as tho Ajman wero robbers.

            220.  An interview, which Shoikh Jasim had requested, was declined by
         Mahomed Ibn Rashid for fear of giving offoncc to the Turkish Governmeut.
            About tho middlo of tho year 1S95 disorders and insecurity on the trade
                                       routes were caused by the predatory raids
          Persian Qulf Administration Report for 1695-9G.
                                       of the Ajman, Morah and other tribes
         under tho nominal suzerainty of the Turk's. Iu .Tuue the caravan traffic between
         Nejd and Kowcit was thus interrupted, and in October Mahomed Ibn Rashid
         appealed to tho Govornor of Ilasa to guarantee tho safety of tho roads to Nejd
         and Kasim, failing which ho claimed discretion himself to chastise the tribes
         named, as disturbers of the peace of his territory.



                  XLV.—Complications witli Koweit. 1897—1904-

             221, Thore is nothing in tho records of tho affairs of Nejd in 1896. In
         1897 there arose complications with Kowcit, which still continue to occupy
         the Arab tribes in internecine wars and have attracted a good deal of attention
         from tho Turkish Government on tho ono baud, with Gorman Kaiser probably
         behind tho scenes, and from tho British Government on the other. A detailed
         narrativo of theso interesting evonts is given in the Precis of Kowcit Affairs. A
         brier summary of tho facts will suffice here.
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