Page 75 - Dilmun 21

‫ﺳﻌﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺔﺳ ﺍﻛﺘﺸﺎﻑ ﺃﺎﺳﺎﺳﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻢ ‪ 2‬ﺟﻮﺍﺛﺎ ﺗﺤﺖ‬
‫ﺃﻻﻃﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﺍﺎﺸﻟﺼﺧﺔ ﻭﺍﺬﻟﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺃﺎﻬﻧ ﺗﻌﻮﺩ ﺪﺼﻟﺭﺍﻹﺳﻻﻡ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺸﻔﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬

‫ﻋﻦ ﺑﻇﺍﺮﻫ ﺃﺛﺮﻳﺔ ﺆﺗﺪﻛﺿﺨﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺟﻮﺍﺛﺎ ﻭﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﻀﺎﺭﻱ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﻓﺎﻋﻴﺔ (ﺍﻻﻘﻟﻉ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻥ)‬

‫ﻟﻢ ﺗﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﺮﺸﻟﺔﻴﻗ‪ ،‬ﺧﻻﻝ ﺍﻮﺼﻌﻟﺭ ﺍﺎﺘﻟﺭﻳﻴﺨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﺪﻴﻌﺑﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺭﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﻑ‬
‫ﺷﺘﻰ ﺻﻮﺭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻢﻟ ﺗﻜﻦ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺗﺄﺮﻴﺛﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺪﺣﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﻴﺨﺔ ﺍﻲﺘﻟ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻔﺮﺽ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺮﻇﻭﻑ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﻜﻴﻒ ﺎﻜﺳﻥ ﺷﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺮﻳﺓ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺎ ﻣﺮ ﺑﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺪﺣﺍﺙ ﺎﺗﺭﻴﺨﻳﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻮﻠﻤﻋﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﻧﻤﻂ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻬﻢ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻤﺎﺷﻰ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻴﻨﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﺖﻤﻟ ﻢﻬﺑ‪ ،‬ﻭﻖﻓ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺒﻮﺍ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔﺮﺘﻣﺍﻤﻛﺔ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭ‪ -‬ﻓﺒﻨﻮﺍ‪ 2‬ﺃﺎﻳﻡ ﺍﺮﺤﻟﺏﻭﺍﺨﻟﻮﻑﻗﻻﻋًﺎ ﻭﻮﺼﺣﻧًﺎ ﻭﺃﻮﺳﺍ ًﺭﺍ ﺣﺴﺐ‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ‪ ٠‬ﻭﺪﺠﻧ ﺁﺎﺛﺭﺍ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺬﻫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂﺕ ﻑ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺮﻔﺘﻣﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪ ٠‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ‬
‫ﻗﻻﻋًﺎ ﻑ ﻣﺤﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻳﺤﺘﻤﻲ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺮﻭﻥ ﻍ ﺃﻭﺎﻗﺕ ﺍﻻﺿﻄﺮﺍﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻣﻨﻴﺔ‪ ٠‬ﻭﻗﺪ‬
‫ﺍﺪﻤﺘﻋﻭﺍ ‪ 2‬ﺗﺨﻄﻴﻄﻬﺎ ﻭﺎﻨﺑﺎﻬﺋ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺪﻟﻯ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﺑﻴﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺮﺒﺧﺓ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻧﻘﻠﻮﻩ ﻋﻦ ﻏﻴﺮﻫﻢ ﻣﻤﻦ‬
‫ﺳﺒﻘﻬﻢ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦﺎﻌﻣﺮﺻﻢﻬﻳ‪ ٠‬ﻓﻜﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻜﺮﺓ ﺗﺒﻨﻰ ﺃﺎﺳﺎﺳﺎﻬﺗ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺭﻳﻤﺎ ﺯﺍﺩ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺮ ﻻﻴﻠ ًﻗ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﺗﺒﻨﻰ ﺪﺟﺭﺍﺎﻬﻧ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﺒﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻴﻦ ﻭﺪﻗ ﺗﺪﻋﻢ‬
‫ﺃﻮﺳﺍﺭﺎﻫ ﺑﺄﺮﺑﺍﺝ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺩﺍﺮﺋﻳﺔ ‪ 2‬ﺍﻷﺭﺎﻛﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻻﺣﻆ ﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ‪ 2‬ﺃﺣﺠﻤﺎ ﺗﻠﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺮﺑﺍﺝ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﺘﻔﻰ‪ 2‬ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺒﺮﺝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺛﻨﻴﻦ ﻂﻘﻓ‪ ،‬ﺗﺒﻨﻰ‪ 2‬ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﺭﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﺏ‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﺛﻢ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭ ﺗﺨﻄﻴﻂ ﻭﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻻﻉ ﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺘﻣﺄﺮﺛﺓ ﺑﻤﺎ ﺣﺼﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻄﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﻓﺄﺖﺤﺒﺻ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻥ ‪ 2‬ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻄﺔ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰﺑﻀﺨﺎﻣﺔ ﺃﺮﺑﺍﺎﻬﺟ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺮﺋﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺑﻌﺔ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺐﻠﻏ& ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻦ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻦﻴﻄﻟ ﻛﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻣﻊ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻍ ﺳﻤﺎﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﻟﺘﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻘﻮﺩﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺫﻚﻟ ‪ 2‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﺤﺎﺟﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺃﺣﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮ‬

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