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46     ADMINISTRATION REPORT OP THE PERSIAN GULP POLITICAL
                         from the neighbourhood of the Persian Gulf sea-board. He joined a
                         Turkish detachment under orders to march westward from El-IIas£, and
                         travelled in their company. Passing El-Der'eyyah, he found that town
                         in ruins, and saw not a single inhabitant. Shakrah also had been razed
                         to the ground.
                             The Envoy eventually reached the camp of Ibrahim Pasha  near
                         Medina, and, on unfolding the purpose of his journey, it turned out that,
                         as suggested by the Sultan of Muskat, the General had no authority to
                         cuter on the negotiation, and could only refer the proposals to his father,
                         the Viceroy of Egypt. The latter ultimately intimated that neither
                         he nor the Porte desired or needed foreigu aid in dealing with the
                         Wah & bees of Nejd.
                             In the following winter the projected attack on Ras-cl-Khaimah
                                  A.D. 1819-20.       was successfully made by a British force,
                              [Government Records.]   the Sultan of Muskat co-operating.
                             In the year 1829- it was reported from Nejd that Mohammed
                                                      'Ali Pasha had posted a detachment of
                                   A.D. 1822.
                                                      cavalry in Wneyzah, aud had ordered
                         the walls of El-der’eyj'ah to be rebuilt. During the same year news
                                                      came of the massacre of a Turkish
                              [Government Selection.]
                                                      garrison at Itiadli by the Arabs.
                             In tbe winter of 1S23-24 Toorkee-bhi-Wbdullah-bin-Moliammed-bin
                                   1823-24.           SiPood, commonly known as Toorkec-
                              Toorkec-bin-’Abvlu’.iah.  bin-Su'ood, headed a successful rising
                         of the Arabs and possessed himself of El-Riadh, where there was an
                                                      Egyptian detachment under 'Abdul’ch-
                                   [M. S.]
                                                      biu-Nasir EPAyathee. Having sent
                         off these men to Medina, Toorkee consolidated his power in Nejd, aud
                         was recognized as Amir by most of the Central Arabian tribes.
                             In 1825 he proposed to the Shaikh of the Jowasim to renew the
                                                      connection between the latter and the
                                  A.D. 1825.
                                                      AVahabces, a project which was dis­
                         couraged by the representative of the British Government in the Persian
                                                      Gulf, and the Jowasimce therefore did
                              [Govcmmeut Selection.]
                                                      not assent.
                             For some years Toorkce-bin-'Abdullah was engaged in hostilities
                                  A D lg99            against the Beni-Khalid of El-Hasi,
                                                      the persistent opponents of the Wa-
                         h.^hees, and eventually in 1829 inflicted on them a decisive defeat, when
                        El-IIasd was occupied by the Wababecs and the Beni-Khalid Shaikhs
                        were expelled. During all these proceedings Toorkee bad continued to
                                                      pay a tribute to Mohammed 'Ali Pasha,
                                  A.D. 183a
                                                      who accorded countenance to his action.
                             In the year 1831 the Sultan of Muskat made overtures to the
                                  A D. 183L          Wahabee Amir with a view to re­
                                                      ceiving the Government of the islands
                        of Bahrain as the tributary of the Amir. The latter however preferred
                        to receive the tribute for Bahrain from the 'Uttoobee Shaikhs. At this
                        period the whole line of coast as far as Ris-el-IIadd was dominated by
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