Page 56 - Social Science.docx

Principles of social science
The Jim Crow Laws were policies primarily passed in the Southern states of the United States from the mid-1860s to the 1960s. They mandated racial segregation, discriminating against black Americans in every social circumstance. These laws enforced mandatory taxes and literacy tests in order to vote, prohibited interracial marriages, prevented black Americans from renting and buying property in white neighborhoods, and required black people to attend separate schools and sit in designated areas while in public transportation and restaurants. Jim Crow Laws reversed social and economic progress the black population had made during the decade after the Civil War. These set of laws assured that black people would not achieve the economic level of white people in the United States. As inequality became institutionalized, the Jim Crow Laws imposed segregation in every aspect of life, such as transportation, education, healthcare, and public transportation.8
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) was a landmark Supreme Court case, in which Plessy argued that segregation laws violated the Thirteenth Amendment of the Constitution, which granted freedom to slaves, and Fourteen Amendment, which upholds that a state is not permitted to deny privileges to people without the application of fair lawful procedures, known as due process. The Supreme Court ruled against Plessy and maintained the enforcement of segregation in public transportation. This decision was the cornerstone of the Jim Crow Laws and became known as the “separate but equal” principle. The “separate but equal” doctrine was far from the truth in the Jim Crow South. The facilities given to black individuals were much inferior to the facilities of
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Patricia D. Netzley, "Final Solution,"Greenhaven Press.
link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3205400143/GPS?u=gullacad&sid=GPS&xid=82e73414.
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