Page 233 - Chinese and japanese porcelain silk and lacquer Canepa

Fig. 3.3.1.1.10 Kraak shards of dishes from
Fig. 3.3.1.1.8 Kraak plate from the shipwreck Fig. 3.3.1.1.9 Kraak porcelain from the
Santa Margarita (1601) shipwreck Santa Margarita (1601)
Jingdezhen kilns, Jiangxi province Jingdezhen kilns, Jiangxi province
Ming dynasty, Wanli reign (1573–1620) Ming dynasty, Wanli reign (1573–1620)
© Jack Harbeston, IOTA Partners © Jack Harbeston, IOTA Partners
Project: Cross-Cultural Encounters in Sixteenth-
a similar dragon rim border to that seen on shards from the San Agustín, which sank Century Northern California’, Society for California
five years earlier, in 1595. A few dishes, showing a related phoenix design within Archaeology Newsletter, vol. 41, Number 2, June
631
2007, pp. 32–34; Russell, 2011; and Li Min, ‘The Trans-
a diamond and trigram border to that of shards recovered from the Wanli shipwreck Pacific Extension of Porcelain Trade in The early
Modern Era: Cultural Transformations Across Pacific
(c.1625); the survivor’s campsite of the São Gonçalo (1630); and the Hatcher junk Spaces’, in Cheng, 2012, pp. 222–227, figs. 1–5.
632
(c.1643), prove that this type of phoenix design dish remained popular until the mid- 620 Discussed in Rinaldi, 2003, pp. 33-34; Canepa,
2008–2009, p. 64; and Canepa, 2012/1, p. 265.
seventeenth century. 633 621 Three shards from the central medallion of one of
these dishes are published in Clarence Shangraw
The Santa Margarita, after having docked alongside the San Diego in Manila, and Edward Von der Porten, The Drake and Cermeño
stayed off course and wrecked along with its rich cargo eight months later while trying Expeditions’ Chinese Porcelains at Drake’s Bay,
California, 1579 and 1595, Santa Rosa and Palo Alto,
to reach Acapulco passing by the Northern Mariana Islands in 1601. The wreck site 1981, p. 54. They are now part of the Point Reyes
634
National Seashore Museum collection. Mentioned
yielded fragments of over 300 ivory sculptures mostly representing Christian images in Canepa, 2011/1, p. 60 and p. 65, note 28.
together with a few intact Kraak dishes and plates with continuous or panelled rim 622 This dish and the fragment, now in a private
collection, are published in George Kuwayama,
borders (Fig. 3.3.1.1.8), and thousands of shards of dishes, plates, pear-shaped bottles, Chinese Ceramics in Colonial Mexico, Los Angeles,
1997, p. 58, no. 25. Mentioned in Canepa, 2011, p. 60.
small bowls and covered boxes (Fig. 3.3.1.1.9). The fact that many pieces or shards 623 This shipwreck yielded 153 ceramic artifacts,
635
are almost identical to those recovered from the San Diego (1600) suggests that the including a great quantity of Kraak and Zhangzhou
porcelain. Marine archaeologists postulate that
porcelain was probably purchased from the same Chinese junk and/or Portuguese ship the Beijiao no. 3 was a Chinese junk that had not
yet trans-shipped her cargo destined for Europe.
that came to trade in Manila. For images of these two Zhangzhou dishes, see
636
The large galleon Nuestra Señora de la Concepción of about 2,000-tons and her Zhang Wei (ed.), Xisha Shuixia Kaogu (1998–1999)
– Underwater Archaeology from the Xisha Islands
smaller consort San Ambrosio left Cavite in August 1638, and a few days after passing (1998–1999), Beijing, 2006, pp. 176–77, nos. 6–164
and 6–165. Mentioned in Canepa, 2011/1, p. 60 and
the Ladrones, the overloaded galleon smashed against a coral reef and sank off the p. 65, note 37.
Mariana Islands. The shipwreck was first plundered by islanders, and more than 624 Russell, 2011, p. 5.
637
625 The US federal government recently ended a long
thirty years later it was partially salvaged by the Jesuits, who were doing missionary period of historical controversy. Thus Sir Francis
Drake would be the first European to discover
work in the Ladrones. Studies of the artifacts recovered from an archaeological California. The short-term contact between his
excavation of the shipwreck were undertaken in 1989 and 1990. After Rinaldi studied crew and the Coast Miwok is one of the earliest
cross-cultural interactions on the west coast of
the ceramic cargo of the shipwreck, she concluded that over half of the porcelain present-day United States. The official Drake
landing site is now one of 27 sites that are national
recovered was Kraak (Appendix 3). Although no intact pieces were recovered, most of historic landmarks.
232 Silk, Porcelain and Lacquer
the shipwreck Nuestra Señora
de la Concepción (1638)
Jingdezhen kilns, Jiangxi province
Ming dynasty, Chongzhen reign (1628–1644)
© William Mathers, Pacific Sea Resources
Fig. 3.3.1.1.11 Kraak shards of bowls from
the shipwreck Nuestra Señora
de la Concepción (1638)
Jingdezhen kilns, Jiangxi province
Ming dynasty, Chongzhen reign (1628–1644)
© William Mathers, Pacific Sea Resources
626 For general information and images of the porcelain
recovered from this shipwreck, see National the shards formed part of dishes of at least four sizes decorated with panelled borders
Museum of the Philippines, Saga of the San Diego, of alternating sunflower and auspicious symbols (Fig. 3.3.1.1.10), as well as of bowls
Philippines, 1993; and Carré, Desroches and
Goddio, 1994. Also see Rinaldi, 2003, pp. 34–36, with a bird painted on the interior, of the type known as ‘crow cups’, which are all
figs. 3–7; Canepa, 2008–2009, pp. 64–65, fig. 2;
Canepa, 2012/1, pp. 265–266; and Krahe, 2014, Vol. of fairly low quality (Fig. 3.3.1.1.11). There was also one shard that appeas to have
I, pp. 224–226. An important part of the porcelain formed part of a bowl decorated on the interior with tulip flowers in the so-called
recovered from the San Diego is housed in the Naval
Museum in Madrid. I am greatly indebted to Franck Transitional style. In addition, shards of a variety of other blue-and-white pieces
638
Goddio for providing me with images of porcelain
recovered from the San Diego to include in this were recovered from the shipwreck. These included the upper part of a large jar with
doctoral dissertation.
627 Rinaldi, 2003, p. 36; Canepa, 2008–2009, p. 64; and four moulded lion masks on the shoulder decorated with a continuous mountainous
Canepa, 2012/1, p. 266. landscape, as well as shards of small cups decorated with landscape scenes and inner
639
628 Part of the Zhangzhou porcelain cargo of the San
Diego was published and discussed in National rim borders of spiraling trendils interspersed by a flower, which most probably formed
Museum of the Philippines, 1993, p. 73, no. 1 and p. part of bell-shaped cups similar to those decorated in the so-called Transitional style
75, no. 4; and Carré, Desroches and Goddio, 1994,
pp. 354–359, nos. 130–33. An article by Monique recovered from the Wanli shipwreck (c.1625) and the Nuestra Señora de la Limpia y
Crick, ‘The San Diego galleon, 14 December 1600,
a dating for ‘Swatow’ Porcelains’, was first published Pura Concepción (1641) (Figs. 3.1.2.15 and 3.1.2.16). These finds further suggest
640
in Oriental Art, Vol. XLVI, No. 3, 2000, pp. 22–31 and a c.1630–1635 dating for the Wanli shipwreck. The Nuestra Señora de la Concepción
was later translated by Fang Wang and published in
Fujian Wenbo, No. 39, 2001, pp. 46–52. A number also yielded a shard of very high quality Jingdezhen porcelain possibly of a jar with a
of pieces were published in Tan, 2007 and in Li
Min, ‘Early Global Trade and Fujianese Ceramic straight neck, which may have been of similar shape to the slender, ovoid jar decorated
Archaeology: Zhangzhou Ceramics along the Pacific in the so-called Transitional style recovered from the Nuestra Señora de la Limpia y Pura
Ocean Route’, in Li, 2010. Mentioned in Canepa,
2011/1, p. 65, note 39. Concepción. These latter finds are of particular interest because they demonstrate
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629 The San Diego finds can be related to shards
excavated in Pinghe county at the Erlong, Dalong, that porcelain decorated in the so-called Transitional style began to be imported into
Dongkou and Wanyaoshan kiln sites in Wuzhai New Spain at least as early as the late 1630s and that it was then re-exported to Spain in
and Huazilou kiln site in Nansheng. Discussed and
illustrated in Canepa, 2010, pp. 60–61, figs. 3–4. subsequent years. Future marine archaeological finds of Spanish ships that sank while
630 Published in Carré, Desroches and Goddio, 1994,
pp. 162–163, inv. 40; and Krahe, 2014, Vol. I, p. 226, plying the trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic trade routes may provide new information
fig. 208.
631 One of them has a deer central scene while the on this respect. The Nuestra Señora de la Concepción was carrying a mixed cargo, as
other is painted with ducks in a pond. Published in it was common at the time, which also included some coarser blue-and-white dishes
Crick, 2001, p. 51, fig. 18; and Tan, 2007, p. 108, no.
87, respectively. Mentioned in Canepa, 2011/1, p. 60. made at the Zhangzhou kilns (Appendices 2 and 3).
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Trade in Chinese Porcelain 233