Page 254 - Chinese and japanese porcelain silk and lacquer Canepa

has yet come to light, Curtis has convincingly argued that the Dutch may have played archaeological sites along the James River. Five were excavated at Jordan’s Point, the
an important role in supplying porcelain to the English colonists who settled in remains of Jordan’s Journey, and the base of one other was excavated in 1996–
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Virginia. The fact that private Dutch merchants were active in Virginia participating 1997 from the Narrow Ditch III at the Reverend Richard Buck site. These were
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in the slave trade from about 1620 and in the tobacco trade in the 1620s and 1630s, two plantations established by the early English colonists. The first was a fortified
that the porcelain excavated at the English colonial sites discussed in the following compound believed to have protected the home of the VC investor Samuel Jordan and
pages is very similar to porcelain recovered from the VOC shipwreck Witte Leeuw his wife Cisley, who settled there in 1621–1622. After becoming a widow in 1623,
(1613), and finally that in a few cases porcelain was found alongside Dutch or Dutch Cisley married William Farrar, who was placed in command of the settlers at Jordan’s
related artifacts, support this theory. Future research on Dutch textual sources and Journey six year later, in 1629. Thus the porcelain cup and other imported finds
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archaeological finds may shed light on the Dutch trade in porcelain to Virginia. most probably belonged to the Jordan-Farrar household. The latter site, occupied from
Fig. 3.3.3.1.1 Fragment of a blue-and-white c.1630–1650, has been named after the area’s first documented land owner, Reverend
bowl from the shipwreck Sea Venture (1609) Richard Buck, an Anglican who served as minister at Jamestown from 1610 until his
Jingdezhen kilns, Jiangxi province
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Ming dynasty, Wanli reign (1573–1620) death in 1624. Further examples have been found at other Virginia plantations,
National Museum of Bermuda (acc. no. 81:304) including Kingsmill, Governor’s Land and neighbouring areas. Those found in later
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Trade to the English colonies [3.3.3] Fig. 3.3.2.1.1 Two shards of a so-called contexts, thicker and with the flame band further up from the foot, relate to finds from
Transitional style mustard pot excavated at the
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site of Fort Orange, near Albany the Hatcher junk (c.1643).
Jingdezhen kilns, Jiangxi province The fact that one cup of this type was recovered from the shipwreck Warwick, a
Ming dynasty, Chongzhen reign (1628–1644)
Recent research has shown that small quantities of porcelain reached the earliest © Paul Huey VC ship which sank during a hurricane at Castle Harbour in Bermuda while en route
English settlements in the New World. Evidence is provided by English textual sources from Plymouth to Jamestown in 1619, and that fragments of two other examples
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Fig. 3.3.2.1.2 Shards of a Kraak dish
as well as porcelain recovered from archaeological excavations at various sites in the excavated at the site of Fort Orange, have been excavated in London and Exeter, demonstrates that at least some of the wine
colony of Virginia and at the colony of Avalon, and English shipwrecks that sank while near Albany cups discussed above were imported into Virginia via England, where in turn they
Jingdezhen kilns, Jiangxi province
en route from England to Virginia in the early seventeenth century. would have arrived through trade with the Dutch Republic. The Warwick was both a
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Ming dynasty, Chongzhen reign (1628–1644)
Photo by Joe McEvoy 777 Only one is published in Martha W. McCartney, naval warship and a merchantman owned by Sir Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick.
Colony of Virginia [3.3.3.1} Jordan’s Point, Virginia. Archaeology in Perspective, She was carrying the new Governor of Jamestown, Captain Nathaniel Butler, as well
Prehistoric to Modern Times, Virginia, 2011,
The earliest documentary reference to porcelain in the colony of Virginia dates to pp. 76–77, fig. d. Recent research by Gardiner has as settlers and supplies to the struggling colony. The Sea Venture, another English
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1622. That year, the secretary for the Virginia Company (hereafter VC), Edward shown that five of such wine cups were found at the ship that sank off Bermuda while en route from Plymouth to Virginia ten years
site. See Gardiner, forthcoming 2015.
Waterhouse, in a letter sent to James I noted that when Lieutenant Maramaduke 778 Published in Seth Mallios, Archaeological earlier, in 1609, was also carrying porcelain. So far, the shipwreck has yielded only a
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Excavations at 44JC568. The Reverend Richard Buck
Parkinson and other English men visited an Indian chief up the River of Potomac, Site, Richmond, 1999, p. 44, fig. 56. Jingdezhen blue-and-white bowl (now partially reconstructed) with sketchily painted
north of the James River, they saw a ‘China Boxe’ in one of the chief’s houses. The 770 Julia B. Curtis, ‘Chinese Ceramics and the Dutch 779 McCartney, 2011, p. 37. chi-dragons (Fig. 3.3.3.1.1), comparable to examples recovered from the Spanish
780 For more information on Reverend Buck, see Frank
letter continues saying that the Indian chief informed them ‘That it was sent to him Connection in Early Seventeenth Century Virginia’, E. Grizzard, Jr. and D. Boyd Smith, Jamestown shipwrecks San Felipe (1576) and San Pedro (1595) (Fig. 3.1.2.3), discussed earlier.
Vereninging van Vrienden der Aziatische Kunst, Colony: A Political, Social, and Cultural History, Santa
from a King that dwelt in the West, over the great Hils, some tenne dayes journey, Mededelingenblad 15 (February 1985), pp. 6-13. Barbara, 2007, pp. 32–33; and Gardiner, forthcoming Aboard the ship were the new Governor of Virginia, Sir Thomas Gates, the admiral of
771 Beth Gardiner, ‘Nova Britannia: 17th Century 2015.
whose Countrey is neare a great Sea, hee having that Boxe, from a people as he said, Chinese Porcelain Found at English Settlements in 781 Mentioned in Julia B. Curtis, ‘Perceptions of an the expedition, Sir George Somers, and Captain Christopher Newport. Thus it is
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that came thither in ships, that weare cloaths, crooked swords, & somewhat like our the New World’, Bermuda Museum, forthcoming artifact: Chinese porcelain in colonial Tidewater likely that the aforementioned pieces of porcelain were personal possessions brought
2015. Virginia’, in Mary C. Beaudry (ed.), Documentary
men, dwelt in houses, and were called Acanack-China’. This account suggests that 772 Myra Jehlen and Michael Warner (eds.), The English archaeology in the New World, Cambridge, 1988, by the Governor, by prominent gentlemen of the colony, or by the admirals or captains
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Literatures of America, 1500–1800, New York and p. 26.
the box was sent to the Indian chief by a king who lived in a land that could be reached London, 1997, p. 134. Cited in Gardiner, forthcoming 782 Straube, 2001, p. 51. of the VC ships.
in about ten days journey, but it seems more likely that the chief would have acquired 2015. 783 Published in Tucker, 2011, pp. 145–146; and Gardiner, A few other Jingdezhen finds at the James Fort area relate to porcelain recovered
773 By 1600, according to Joseph Hall, the Oconee forthcoming 2015.
the box through trade contacts with the Spanish colonists of La Florida. peoples in the Oconee Valey in what is now north 784 Dr. Edward C. Harris and Jason Paterniti, ‘The from the Witte Leeuw shipwreck (1613) site. These include a fragment that formed
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central Georgia were using Spanish goods. Thus Explorers Club Flag 132 Report. The Warwick
Archaeological excavations undertaken at the Jamestown fortified settlement in this implies trade contacts with the indigenous Project, Bermuda, 11 June–17 July, 2011’, Global part of a blue-and-white stem cup with a winged dragon painted in pencilled-style
the Chesapeake Bay since the year 1994, have yielded 574 shards of porcelain along population in the area. For a discussion on Exploration & Oceanographic Society, 2011, pp. 2-3; found in a stratum dating to 1610 of Pit 3, which is identical to an extant example
Maramaduke Parkinson’s account and its relation and Gardiner, forthcoming 2015.
with thousands of shards of tin-glazed earthenware and stoneware from England, with the Spanish residents of La Florida, see Joseph 785 David B. Quinn, ‘Bermuda in the Age of Exploration in the British Museum. Only one stem cup of this type was recovered from the
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Hall, ‘Between Old World and New. Oconee Valey and Settlement’, in Dr. J. C. Arnell (ed.), Bermuda
the Dutch Republic, France, Germany and Spain. Only 167 porcelain shards can Residents and the Spanish Southeast, 1640–1621’, Journal of Archaeology and Maritime History, Vol. 1, Witte Leeuw. Excavations at Pit 3 also yielded shards of the cruder Zhangzhou blue-
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be dated to the early seventeenth century, corresponding to the James Fort period in Peter C. Mancall (ed.), The Atlantic World and 1989, pp. 14–20. and-white porcelain. There are also shards from a crudely potted bowl sketchily
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Virginia, 1550–1624, Chapel Hill, 2007, pp. 66–70. 786 Ibid., p. 14.
(1607–1624). Most of them are shards of Jingdezhen blue-and-white porcelain, both 774 Curtis, 1985, pp. 6–13; Beverly Straube, ‘European 787 Published in Gardiner, forthcoming 2015. For the painted in watery cobalt blue with a scroll of stylized lotus and leaves found at Pit
Ceramics in the New World: The Jamestown British Museum example, see Harrison-Hall, 2001,
of fine and rather crude quality. Shards of a tiny finely potted blue-and-white wine Example’, in Robert Hunter (ed.), Ceramics in pp. 278–279, no. 11:6. 17, comparable to the three Witte Leeuw examples discussed earlier. Similar bowls
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cup decorated with a band of flame and scrolls was excavated at Pit 8 from a c.1610 America, Hanover and London, 2001, p. 47; and 788 Published in Gardiner, forthcoming 2015. Van der were found at Flowerdew Hundred, Governor’s Land and Eppes Island, and a shard of
Gardiner, forthcoming 2015. Pijl-Ketel, 1982, p. 180, no. 3.19.
context, which relates to those recovered from the VOC shipwrecks, the Witte Leeuw 775 Published in Kelso and Straube, 2008, p. 29, fig. 61. 789 Canepa, 2006, p. 39, fig. 23. another example was found at Jordan’s Point.
For the Witte Leeuw bowls, see Van der Pijl-Ketel, 790 Published in Kelso and Straube, 2008, p. 29, fig.
(1613) and Banda (1615) (Figs. 3.2.1.11 and 3.2.1.10). The wine cup along with 1982, pp. 156–157; and Straube, 2001, p. 52, fig. 7. 61. For the Witte Leeuw bowls, see Van der Pijl- Archaeological excavations undertaken in the 1980s at the Boldrup Plantation
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other imported finds from the cesspit reflects a certain status of its owner. Fragments Mentioned in Gardiner, forthcoming 2015. Ketel, 1982, pp. 156–157. Mentioned in Gardiner, in what is now the port city of Newport News, near Jamestown, yielded a shard of a
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776 Straube, 2001, p. 52; and Kelso and Straube, 2008, forthcoming 2015.
of more than a dozen of such wine cups have been found on other seventeenth century p. 20. 791 Published in Ibid. finely potted Kraak plate decorated with deer in a landscape within a white cavetto.
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252 Silk, Porcelain and Lacquer Trade in Chinese Porcelain 253