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4.4 Corp profit
Strategically important enterprises owned by Ukrainian oligarchs have become the property of the state. The National Commission for Securities passed a decision on the forced alienation of the shares of Ukrnafta, Ukrtatnafta, Motor Sich, AvtoKrAZ, and Zaporizhtransformator into state ownership. Kolomoisky's companies own about 42% of shares in Ukrnafta. The Dnipropetrovsk oligarch and his partner Gennady Bogolyubov own approximately 60% of Ukrtatnafta. Motor Sich was owned by Vyacheslav Boguslaev, who, in 2017, sold 56% of the company's shares to a Chinese holding. AvtoKrAZ is part of the Finance and Credit group belonging to the fugitive oligarch Konstantin Zhevago. Oleksiy Danilov, Secretary of the National Security Council, confirmed that the companies' assets were handed over to the Ministry of Defense. After the end of martial law, these companies might be returned to their owners, or their owners might be reimbursed.
4.5 Labour and income
4.5.1 Labour market, unemployment dynamics
Ukrainians in Poland have paid €2B in taxes, three times more than the country spends on refugees. Since the beginning of the war, refugees from Ukraine have paid €2B in Polish taxes. This is three times more than the country has spent on costs associated with displaced Ukrainians. This data was provided by Professor Maciej Duszczyk from the Migration Research Center of the University of Warsaw, reports ukrayina.pl. Duszczyk believes Poland has no right to complain that helping Ukrainians costs the country. "We spent 3.5 billion zlotys (€750M) to help Ukrainians, but the calculations of the vice president of the Polish Development Fund, Bartosz Marchuk, show that we received 10 billion zlotys (€2B) from the taxes they paid," the expert noted. In the case of Ukrainian refugees, Poland spends a lot, but it receives, even more, Maciej Duszyk believes.
More than 1,000 unemployed people are already working in the Recovery Army. In Ukraine, the Ministry of Economy said 1,036 unemployed people are engaged in providing community service. Currently, these people are involved in socially useful work in five regions of Ukraine: Sumy, Kyiv, Chernihiv, Donetsk, and Poltava. Another two regions - Rivne Oblast and Volyn Oblast - are planning to launch this program soon. The ministry is convinced that this initiative will help Ukrainians, especially in small towns, earn money and rebuild their communities simultaneously. Participation in community service is voluntary. They are paid no less than the minimum wage, which amounts to UAH 6,700 ($180). In addition, these projects can be supplementally financed from regional budgets, which will increase the volunteers' salaries.
Where do Ukrainians live in Poland, and who is paying for that? The majority of Ukrainians in Poland, 58%, rent housing at their own expense, and only 10% live at the state's expense or through charitable organizations, according to Gremi Personal research data. Another 22% of Ukrainians are provided housing by their employers, and 10% of respondents say that Poles
29 UKRAINE Country Report December 2022 www.intellinews.com