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1. David R. Peterson (1994), "Acoustics of the hammered dulcimer, its history, and recent
developments", Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 95 (5), p. 3002.
2. ^ Pollens (1995, Ch.1)
3. ^ Scholes, Percy A.; John Owen Ward (1970). The Oxford Companion to Music (10th
ed.). Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. pp. lvi. ISBN 978-0-19-311306-0.
4. ^ Ripin & Pollens 2001, ¶2.
5. ^ Wraight, Denzil (2006). "Recent Approaches in Understanding Cristofori's
Fortepiano". Early Music. 34 (4): 635–644. doi:10.1093/em/cal050. ISSN 0306-
1078. JSTOR 4137311. S2CID 191481821.
6. ^ Pollens, Stewart (2013). "Bartolomeo Cristofori in Florence". The Galpin Society
Journal. 66: 7–245. ISSN 0072-0127. JSTOR 44083109.
7. ^ Ripin & Pollens 2001b, ¶1.
8. ^ Jump up to: Powers, Wendy (2003). "The Piano: The Pianofortes of Bartolomeo
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Cristofori (1655–1731) | Thematic Essay | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The
Metropolitan Museum of Art". New York: The Metropolitan Museum of
Art. Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2014.
9. ^ Isacoff 2012, p. 23.
10. ^ Jump up to: Badura-Skoda, Eva (2000). "Did J. S. Bach Compose "Pianoforte
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11. ^ Palmieri, Bob & Meg (2003). The Piano: An Encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-
0-415-93796-2.. "Instrument: piano et forte genandt" [was] an expression Bach also
used when acting as Silbermann's agent in 1749."
12. ^ Rowland 1998b, p. 23.
13. ^ "The Viennese Piano". Archived from the original on 11 October 2008. Retrieved 9
October 2007.
14. ^ Kennedy et al. 2012, "Fortepiano".
15. ^ Hamilton 1998, p. 62.
16. ^ Petersen, Sonja (2013). "Craftsmen-Turned-Scientists? The Circulation of Explicit and
Working Knowledge in Musical-Instrument Making, 1880–1960". Osiris. 28 (1): 212–
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17. ^ Giordano 2010, p. 118.
18. ^ Cole 2001, ¶8.
19. ^ Rowland 1998c, p. 45.
20. ^ Jump up to: Rowland 1998c, p. 44.
a b c
21. ^ Jump up to: Rowland 1998c, p. 47.
a b c
22. ^ Richardson 1998, p. 99.
23. ^ Fletcher & Rossing 1998, p. 353.
24. ^ Isacoff 2012, p. 74.
25. ^ Jump up to: Rowland 1998c, p. 43.
a b
26. ^ Jump up to: Dolge 1911, p. 124.
a b
27. ^ Dolge 1911, pp. 125–126.
28. ^ Ripin & Pollens 2001a, ¶4.
29. ^ "Piano à queue" (in French). Médiathèque de la Cité de la musique. Archived from the
original on 19 April 2014. Retrieved 5 April 2014.

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