Page 15 - Apologetics Student Textbook (3 Credits)

Cosmological argument.
A third logical argument for God’s existence is called the cosmological argument. Every effect must have
a cause. This universe and everything in it is an effect. There must be something that caused everything
to come into existence. In our observable world, things happen as a result of some action. For example,
a computer is created by many minds who collectively work at creating it from materials that exist. The
computer is the cause. But it must be made by something or someone who was not computer
generated. A computer cannot make itself. Ultimately, there must be something “un-caused” in order
to cause everything else to come into existence. That “un-caused” cause is God.

What is the Kalam cosmological Argument?

Moral argument
A fourth argument is known as the moral argument. The moral argument begins with the fact that all
people recognize some moral code (that some things are right, and some things are wrong). Every time
we argue over right and wrong, we appeal to a higher law that we assume everyone is aware of, holds
to, and is not free to arbitrarily change. Right and wrong imply a higher standard or law, and law
requires a lawgiver. Because the Moral Law transcends humanity, this universal law requires a universal
lawgiver. This, it is argued, is God.

In support of the moral argument, we see that even the most remote tribes who have been cut off from
the rest of civilization observe a moral code similar to everyone else's. Although differences certainly
exist in civil matters, virtues like bravery and loyalty and vices like greed and cowardice are universal. If
man were responsible for that code, it would differ as much as every other thing that man has invented.
Further, it is not simply a record of what mankind does—rarely do people ever live up to their own
moral code. Where, then, do we get these ideas of what should be done? Romans 2:14-15 says that the
moral law (or conscience) comes from an ultimate lawgiver above man. If this is true, then we would
expect to find exactly what we have observed. This lawgiver is God.

To put it negatively, atheism provides no basis for morality, no hope, and no meaning for life. While this
does not disprove atheism by itself, if the logical outworking of a belief system fails to account for what
we instinctively know to be true, it ought to be discarded. Without God there would be no objective

14