Page 64 - khn.Chemistry
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Organic Functional Group List
Functional IUPAC Name
Compound Prefix/Suffix Example
Group (Common Name)
R-H alkane -ane CH 3CH 3 ethane
C C alkene -ene H 2C=CH 2 ethene (ethylene)
C C alkyne -yne HC≡CH ethyne (acetylene)
R-X haloalkane halo- CH 3Cl chloromethane
-ol
R-OH alcohol CH 3OH methanol
(hydroxy-)
-amine ethylamine
R-NH 2 amine CH 3CH 2NH 2
(amino-) aminoethane
ether
R-O-R ether CH 3OCH 3 dimethyl ether
(alkoxy-)
O
O ethanal
aldehyde -al
C
R H CH CH (acetaldeyde)
3
O
O propanone
ketone -one
C CH CCH
R R 3 3 (acetone)
O
O ethanoic acid
R C carboxylic acid -oic acid
CH COH (acetic acid)
3
O H
O
O methyl ethanoate
R C ester -oate
CH COCH (methyl acetate)
O R 3 3
O
O ethanamide
R C amide -amide
CH CNH (acetamide)
NH 3 2
2
R = alkyl group, an unfunctionalized saturated chain; X = halogen
Organic Common Names
H H
O O
ethylene C C formaldehyde acetaldehyde
HCH CH CH
3
H H
O O
acetylene H C C H formic acid acetic acid
HCOH CH COH
3
O
benzene phenol OH acetone
CH CCH
3
3
O
toluene aniline NH 2 benzaldehyde CH
O
xylene styrene benzoic acid COH
