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A Living Chronicle: A Tapestry of People, Events and Institutions
FOUNDATIONS OF NATUROPATHIC MEDICINE
1700s
HERITAGE AND KNOWLEDGEBASE
1705 Hieronymous David Gaub (d. 1780) Published a textbook of pathology in 1758, Institutiones Pathologiae Medicinalis, that sought to bring all expressions of mechanistic, dynamic, and spiritualistic doctrines into agreement, devoting a special chapter to the “Vires Naturae Medicatrices” (“The Healing Forces of Nature”). ••
HERITAGE AND KNOWLEDGEBASE
1707 Elizabeth Blackwell (née Blachrie) (d. 1758) Scottish botanical illustrator. Authored The Curious Herbal, containing 500 engravings of plants.
HERITAGE AND KNOWLEDGEBASE
1722 Theophile de Bordeau (d. 1776) Influenced by Stahl’s ideas and often considered a founder of Vitalism.••
HERITAGE AND KNOWLEDGEBASE
1727 James Hutton (d. 1797), often considered to be the father of modern geoscience, authored the concept of the rock cycle; suggested that
the proper study of the Earth should be as “geophysiology.” Hutton’s concept of a living Earth acknowledged by James Lovelock and Lynn Margulis as a forerunner to the Gaia hypothesis.
HERITAGE AND KNOWLEDGEBASE
1738 On the Power and Effect of Cold Water. (J.S. Hahn).
HERITAGE AND KNOWLEDGEBASE
1755 Christian Friedrich Samuel Hahnemann, MD (d. 1843) of Saxony. Formulator of homeopathic theory and practice. Translator and empirical physician who developed modern homeopathic
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theory, theory of vital force, methodology of provings, trituration, potentization, and pharmacy practice. Uses ultra-dilute, potentized agents based on Similimum to focus and amplify body’s symptomatic response pattern. Author of seminal text, Organon Der Rationellen Heilkunde (The Organon of Rational Healing Art) (1810).••
HERITAGE AND KNOWLEDGEBASE
1762 Christof Wilhelm Friedrich Hufeland, MD (d. 1836) of Saxony. Wrote System of Practical Medicine (System der praktischen Heilkunde, 1818- 1828). Key proponent of vitalistic medicine; ”Makrobiotik” (healthy living) concepts of Heilkraft der Natur. Key concepts and modalities underlying modern nature cure: vis medicatrix naturae, vis natura regeneratrix (self-healing power) and vis vitalis (vital force). Hahnemann’s synchronous teachings (“Die Homöopathie”) promoted by Hufeland.
HERITAGE AND KNOWLEDGEBASE
1769 Samuel Thomson (d. 1843) Founder
of culturally and therapeutically influential American vitalistic system of botanical medicine: “Thomsonianism” patented as Thomson’s Improved Botanic System of Medicine that emphasized individuals and families treating themselves rather than relying on physicians as educated elites. Key proponent of natural self-healing, vital force, and domestic self-care; detoxification, elimination, natural healing.•••
HERITAGE AND KNOWLEDGEBASE
1772 Johann Gottfried Rademacher (d. 1849) Developed concept of organ-specific remedies (organopathy) in Erfahrungsheillehre (Empiric Medical Practice) published in 1841 and later translated as Rademacher’s Universal and Organ Remedies.
Naturopathic Medicine 13 HISTORY AND PROFESSIONAL FORMATION TIMELINE
