Page 153 - Planning Group Induction Pack_Neat

Appendix F: Citations and references

This appendix is an introduction to the Harvard referencing system.
Referencing is a standardised method of acknowledging sources of information and ideas to identify their
source. Direct quotations, facts and figures and ideas and theories from published and unpublished works
must be referenced.

In-text citations

In-text citations should be presented in a consistent style throughout a document. The family name of the
author or authors and the year of the cited work’s publication are usually all that is required in the text.
Wherever possible, parenthetical citations of both author and date should be placed but at the end of a
sentence (not in the middle), before the concluding punctuation: this is less disruptive to the reader.
If, however, the citation refers to only part of the sentence, it should be placed at the end of the clause or
phrase to which it relates.
When the name of the author is part of the sentence and only the date is in parentheses, the citation should
be placed immediately after the author’s name.
The reference list

The reference list contains details of all authorities cited in the text. The purpose of the list is to help people

find the works if they want to read further.
The reference list is usually placed at the end of a work, but in multi-author works, loose-leaf publications
and works that may be read piecemeal, it is preferable to compile a separate reference list for each chapter.
The reference list should be placed in alphabetical order according to the authors’ names.

Letter-by-letter alphabetical order is recommended.
The Harvard style requires the second and subsequent lines of the reference to be indented to highlight the
alphabetical order, as shown in the following tables.

If an author wants to include sources not cited in the document but relevant to the subject, the list is called a
bibliography. The same method of presentation is used for a bibliography and a reference list.
Note: Scientific journals may have different requirements to those outlined here. Check the relevant journal
style guide before submitting.
If legislation is obtained from an electronic database, add a retrieved statement as for electronic journal
articles.
The following table is taken from Curtin University of Technology’s Library and Information Service.

Writing with style 33
Our guide to better writing and reaching your readers