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creased from 596,100 MVA in FY 2015 to 899,663 MVA in FY 2019 with HVDC, FACTS, STATCOMs, GIS, VSC based HVDC, smart grids state-
CAGR of 10.84%. Inter-regional transfer capacity increased from 46,450 of-the-art synchro phasor technology using phasor measurement
MW in FY 2015 to 99,050 MW during FY 2019 with CAGR of 14.57%. units (PMU), aerial patrolling, remote operation of substations,
The operating voltages in transmission in India include 765 kV, 400 helicopters for maintenance etc. for increasing efficiencies and
kV, 220 kV, 132 kV, and 66 kV in HVAC systems and +/- 800 kV, +/- 500 kV reliabilities in the transmission systems and its operations. POW-
in HVDC systems. India is conducting trial operations on 1200 kV UH- ERGRID Advanced Research & Technology Centre (PARTeC) has
VAC technology. The entire transmission system in India is operated commenced its full-fledged operation.
synchronously across five regions having one unified grid frequency • NITI Aayog’s ‘Strategy for New India@75’ study considers harnessing
for all India. The inter-State transmission infrastructure in the coun- of RE sources, which are a strategic national resource, to be a part
try is a key player in facilitating seamless power transfer across the of India’s vision to achieve social equity and energy transition with
country leading to optimization of resources, reduced congestion and energy security, a stronger economy, and climate change mitigation.
‘One Nation One Grid One Market’ on most occasions. • To facilitate Government’s plan to increase the renewable energy
penetration, Green Energy Corridors schemes have been formulat-
Where we stand ed to create transmission infrastructure for evacuation of renew-
able energy and to reshape the grid for future requirements. The
• Power transmission is a licensed and regulated activity in India as schemes includes development of transmission systems at ISTS
per the Electricity Act, 2003. The tariff for all assets, except those level and InSTS level in 8 renewable rich states, establishment
built under competitive mode, is decided by the respective reg- of Renewable Energy Management Centres (REMC) and estab-
ulator for 5 year block periods. The network is categorized into lishment of evacuation systems for ultra mega solar parks. The
inter-state transmission system (ISTS) (between states, i.e., re- projects are in various stages of development and are likely to be
gional) and intra-state transmission system (InSTS). In addition, completed by 2021. In order to achieve the target of 175GW of RE
there are a few cross-border interconnections with Bhutan, Nepal, capacity by 2022, a comprehensive transmission plan for grid in-
Bangladesh and Myanmar. Government-owned companies have tegration of various Renewable Energy Zones in the country has
historically managed ISTS and InSTS. POWERGRID (Power Grid been evolved and is under approval.
Corporation of India Limited), a Government of India enterprise • Competitive bidding mechanisms introduced by the Tariff Pol-
that has been notified as Central Transmission Utility (CTU), owns icy of 2006 opened the transmission sector to private invest-
more than 85% of the ISTS. State Government-owned transmission ment with revenue security being ensured through CERC’s Shar-
licensees in States manage InSTS in respective states. ing Regulations. As on March 2019, 41 ISTS projects have been
• The CTU discharges its responsibility for coordinated develop- awarded through tariff-based competitive bidding.
ment of power transmission in the country in coordination with • POWEGRID, with largest share in terms of tariffs, has secured 12
CEA and the States and is providing connectivity, medium-term projects and the rest have been secured by various private sector
open access (MTOA), and long-term access (LTA) to various gener- players mainly Sterlite, Adani, Essel Infra and KPTL. Out of the 41
ation developers as per Central Electricity Regulatory Commission projects, more than 50% have been commissioned. At InSTS lev-
(CERC) regulations. el, few States have encouraged private sector participation. In the
• The transmission sector in India, primarily ISTS, has consistent- past, the overall penetration of tariff based projects at InSTShas
ly introduced new technologies such as 1200kV UHVAC, +/-800kV been quite low, which however is changing, as some states are
now coming out with such projects.
India has developed a robust
transmission network enabling Challenges

smooth transfer of power from The challenges in transmission sector are predominantly limited to

generation plants to load centres project development and construction phases while the risk in the
subsequent Operation & Maintenance phase is nominal.

26 shaping new energy dimensions