Page 25 - All About History 58 - 2017 UK

Leonard’s Mayfair
salon was the place
LEONARD LEWIS to be in the 1960s
BRITISH 1938-2016
It was thanks to Lewis that supermodel Twiggy
got the cropped haircut that made her the face
of the Swinging Sixties. Known professionally
as ‘Leonard of Mayfair’, he had many famous Madam Walker’s products
clients like Jack Nicholson, Meryl Streep, The CJ Walker was were an innovation
Beatles and even the Kray twins. In his London in black hair care
salon, the House of Leonard, he trained many of not only America’s
Britain’s current leading hairdressers, including first self-made female
John Frieda, Daniel Galvin and Nicky Clarke.
Lewis is also noted for his work on a number of millionaire, but the first
Stanley Kubrick films, which started in 1968. He black millionairess in
was also a close friend of Vidal Sassoon, under the world
whom he initially trained for a year.

MADAM CJ WALKER
FRANÇOIS MARCEL GRATEAU
FRENCH 1852-1936 AMERICAN 1867-1919
Grateau changed the world of hairstyling forever when Walker’s hair care line, aimed at African-American women,
he invented the reverse curling iron in 1872. The ‘Marcel revolutionised the way black women cared for their hair.
Wave’, achieved with Marcel’s curling iron, rose to its peak Widowed at the age of 20, Walker began to lose her hair and
popularity during the 1920s and 30s as it proved easier she sought a way to encourage hair growth. The result was the
to achieve and lasted longer than finger waves. A skilled ‘Walker system’, which focused on scalp preparation and lotions
The ‘Marcel Wave’ hairdresser was needed to use the iron, which was typically coupled with hot iron combs to create smooth, shiny hair. Her
remained a popular heated over a gas burner, because it was too difficult for system proved extremely popular and she became one of the
style for women
for over 50 years women to accomplish the desired waves on herself. most successful African-American business owners of all time.

JOSEPHINE BAKER
AMERICAN 1906-75 Baker was an
Baker’s slicked down, Eton agent for the French
crop hairstyle helped her
achieve stardom as an Resistance during
entertainer in 1920s Paris. WWII, using her sheet
She applied thick pomade
to flatten her short hair to music to send secret
her head and created kiss messages written in
curls on her forehead and in invisible ink
front of her ears. In the 1930s,
she brought out a hair gel,
Bakerfix, so that women could
emulate her signature look. Josephine’s hairstyle Max Factor has been
Baker’s hair was so iconic that was an iconic symbol honoured with a star
it has gone down in history as a of the 1920s on the Hollywood Walk
symbol of the Jazz Age. of Fame
MAX FACTOR SR POLISH 1872-1938
Maksymilian Faktorowicz, commonly known as Max
BRIGITTE BARDOT
FRENCH 1934-PRESENT Factor Sr, was a pioneer for the modern cosmetics
Bardot’s glamorous, dishevelled half-up, industry. He is famous for the Pan-Cake
half-down beehive was just one of her In 1920, Factor foundation he created for Hollywood, as
classic looks that defined the coined the term the arrival of Technicolor made traditional
1960s. From pigtails and braids ‘makeup’ as in to ‘make greasepaint look terrible. Noticing how
to headbands and teased hair, popular it was with actresses, his son
her influence on hair trends was up ones face.’ Until this convinced him to sell Pan-Cake to the
profound. To this day, the cultural point, makeup had public, therefore becoming the first
impact that she has made can still be commercially available foundation. It is
seen as women continue to emulate been associated with still sold today, although Factor never saw
Bardot’s hairstyles her hairstyles. Numerous articles can the theatre how successful it became as he died the © Getty Images; Wiki
helped her to gain a be found with how-to guides on how to same year it was released.
cult-like following achieve her iconic hairstyles.
of admirers

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