Page 93 - INDONESIAN ISLAMIC CULTURE IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES

Banten Harbor. international isolation after the exodus of kingdom, was a very deferential person trading cities in the world. However, the regions even further in the archipelago.
the Chinese from the region. who used to pray in the palace’s mosque Malaccan Empire did not last long. A This new maritime trade traffic visited
Source: Atlas Sejarah
Indonesia Masa Islam From the above facts we may say that and who recited the Qur’an there. He century after its foundation, Malacca fell the territories that had been frequented
(Historical Atlas of the Islamization of the archipelago took was also known for his intimate relations into the hands of the Portuguese (1511). by international Muslim traders. As a
Indonesia’s Islamic place in line with political engineering with religious scholars and to have result, after the fall of Malacca, other
Period), 2010. in the kingdoms. The Islamization appreciated Islamic jurists. A similar The Growth of the Kingdoms Islamic kingdoms were established in the
process was so effective that Islam was picture was found in the kingdom of The fall of Malacca to the Portuguese western hemisphere of the archipelago.
Malacca. The written by the Portuguese
integrated into the kingdom’s political Tomé Pirés in the 16 century show that practically ended its leading rule in One of the leading Islamic empires in
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system, that was in like the development the king of Malacca tried to introduce Nusantara. However, the event did Sumatra was Aceh that reached the peak
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of the international maritime trade. Under Islamic teachings in his kingdom, in not have a significant impact on the of its power in the 16 and 17 centuries.
these conditions, the Malay Islamic line with his intensifying relations with development of Islam in general. The Initially it was only a small-scale trade
world had indeed become intensely the trade centers in the Muslim world Portuguese conquest was immediately center, like others in north Sumatra, but
engaged in the early formation process in the Middle East. This is evident from followed by the creation of socio-political soon it developed rapidly after having
of its kingdoms, and in formulating the Malay text, the Undang-undang and religious conditions that served as become directly involved in international
the social and cultural foundations of Malak (Laws of Malacca) that, shows the basis for the ongoing process of maritime trade. Since the fall of Malacca,
those kingdoms. In Samudera Pasai the legal prohibition on usury in trade, intensive Islamization and the spread of foreign Muslim traders who previously
and Malacca, the integration of Islam such as stated in Qur’an (QS 2: 275), it Islam more widely over various regions. concluded their businesses in Malacca
and politics was clearly reflected in the was in force as a royal official regulation, This, in turn, brought about the birth of had moved to Aceh. Sultan Ali Mughayat
political behavior of the rulers. The Malay requiring business transaction to abide to new centers of Islamic power, that were Shah (d. 1530) was responsible for laying
kings not only presented themselves as the teachings of Islam. not only concentrated on the northern the foundation of the establishment of the
the holders of political control, but also as coast of Sumatra, but also scattered over Kingdom of Aceh. During his reign, the
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the supporters of intensive Islamization. In the 14 and the 15 centuries, other regions in the archipelago. territory of Aceh was no longer limited
The religious elites and Islamic scholars Samudera Pasai and Malacca came to The creation of these conditions was to the Aceh River valley, then known
occupied important positions in the the fore as leading Islamic power centers supported mainly by the development of as Aceh Besar but had also covered
political life of the kingdom, next to the in the Nusantara world. Particularly for maritime trade after the fall of Malacca, the surrounding areas. In 1520, he
economic elites who were known as Malacca, some historians even noted it also showed an increase in the volume conquered Daya in the far west and then
‘orang kaya’ – ‘the powerful man’.. that the kingdom attained remarkable Pidie and Pasai in the eastern regions
progress in commercial economy and in of commercial activities involving other respectively in 1521 and 1524. In this
The North African traveler of the 14 the the process of Islamization. Meilink- regions in the Nusantara world. After the way, Ali Mughayat Shah had laid the firm
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century, Ibn Batutta’s noted the great Loelofsz, an economic historian, for fall of Malacca the trade route moved foundation for his successors for the
attention of the Samudra Pasai ruler example, notes that Malacca seemed from the Strait of Malacca to the Sunda growth of the kingdom and Aceh came
gave to Islam. According to him, Sultan to have been designed as a trading Strait, and to the west coast of Sumatra. up as a leading Islamic power in the
Malik al-Zahir, the second ruler of the center in the archipelago, just like other From Strait of Sunda traders went to archipelago.

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