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its jurisdiction, and is a member of World Sailing. Many national authorities have
additional responsibilities, such as cruising and powerboat racing.
National authorities often prescribe additional rules to the racing rules. These
prescriptions are included as rules governing sailing within the jurisdiction of
the national authority by the Sailing Instructions. They are rarely invoked for
international events; although some national authorities prescribe that some of
their prescriptions shall not be deleted.

Most national authorities appoint a committee to hear appeals against decisions
of protest committees. Appeal procedures vary from country to country through
their prescriptions. The highest appeal authority is the national authority under
whose jurisdiction the event is held. World Sailing does not hear appeals.

National authorities may submit appeals that they think clarify or help interpret
a rule to the World Sailing Racing Rules Committee. If the Committee agrees
with the decision, or believes the clarification is beneficial, it will accept the
appeal as a World Sailing case, subject to ratification by the World Sailing
Council.

Organizing Authority

The body that plans and runs the races or event is the organizing authority. It
may be a club, a class association, a national authority, World Sailing itself, or
a combination of any of these. The Organizing Authority appoints the Race
Committee. The Organizing Authority or World Sailing appoints the Protest
Committee or International Jury.

Race Committee

The race committee is the committee appointed by the organizing authority to
conduct the races. It is responsible for publishing the Sailing Instructions and
for scoring. When the organizing authority has not appointed a Protest
Committee or International Jury, the race committee is responsible for
appointing a protest committee to conduct hearings. Members of the race
committee may sit on the protest committee, except for hearing a request for
redress under rule 62.1(a) alleging an improper action or omission of the race
committee. In that case, the protest committee must be independent of the race
committee. A protest committee that is an International Jury constituted in
accordance with Appendix N of the rules shall be independent of and have no
members from the race committee.

Protest Committee

The protest committee hears protests, requests for redress and alleged
breaches of rule 69. It is appointed by the organizing authority or race
committee. It may be independent of the race committee or a subcommittee of
the race committee. It may, when meeting the requirements of Appendix N,
qualify as an International Jury. International Juries are referred to as Protest
Committees when hearing protests and requests for redress.

© World Sailing Judges Manual July 2017 A - 3