Page 33 - MCMcKinney Digest Guide

CENTRAL LINE Associated Blood- stream Infection
CATHETER- Associated Urinary Tract Infection
SURGICAL SITE Infection
VENTILATOR- Associated Pneumonia
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HOW IT BEGINS
Bacteria travel down a “central- line” and enter the blood
SYMPTOMS
• Fevers and chills, or the skin around the central line may become sore and red
HOW IT BEGINS
Germs enter the urinary tract through the catheter tube
SYMPTOMS
• Fever, burning or pain in the lower abdomen
• Bloody, burning or frequent urination
HOW IT BEGINS
Either internally at the site of surgery or on the skin at the surgery site
SYMPTOMS
• Fever, redness and pain around surgical site or drainage of cloudy uid from surgical wound
HOW IT BEGINS
Germs enter the lungs through the ventilator tube
SYMPTOMS
• A cough with discolored phlegm
• Fever and chills
• Shortness of breath
PREVENTION PREVENTION PREVENTION PREVENTION
• All sta should WASH HANDS before and after handling central line
• All sta should WASH HANDS before and after handling catheter
• All sta should WASH HANDS before and after handling dressings
• All sta should WASH HANDS before and after handling ventilator tube
• Patient should avoid touching central line
• Sta should wear a mask, cap, sterile gloves, gown and drape while handling central line
• Have central line removed as soon as possible
• Patient should avoid touching catheter, and WASH HANDS before regular emptying
• Be sure catheter is securely attached to the leg to prevent twisting, kinking or tugging at the tube
• Keep catheter bag lower than bladder to prevent back ow
• Know how to care for the catheter before you leave
• Patient should avoid touching the surgical site
or dressings. If the bandage gets wet or dirty, tell the sta immediately
• Patient should avoid smoking before surgery or shaving near surgery site
• Know how to care for surgical site/dressings before you leave
• Family members & visitors should avoid touching ventilator tube
• Ask the doctor about elevating the head of the bed to a 45˚ angle to prevent pneumonia
• Have the ventilator removed as soon as possible
• Ask sta to regularly clean patient’s mouth
PREVENT HAIS