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Sunday School
The story of Zacchaeus is one of the most well-known stories in the Gospels. It is the final personal encounter that Jesus has in the travel narra- tive (Luke 9:51–19:28). It pictures joyous faith—at least for Jesus and Zacchaeus. The peoples’ joy had gone to seed.
Small Man |
Luke 19:1-4
Jericho was one of the old- est cities in the world. From here Jesus would begin his 3,700-foot, 17-mile climb to Jerusalem. Jesus had healed a blind man (Matthew 20:29- 34 says that there were two people healed). Now he would heal a chief tax collector from greed. A portion of one verse
is devoted to Zacchaeus’s oc- cupation and status, but two whole verses are devoted to his stature.
Zacchaeus (whose name ironically means “innocent” or “pure”) was not a local cus- toms official like Matthew. He was a chief tax collector. As such he oversaw other tax col- lectors. The text says suc- cinctly and was wealthy. He sold his soul to Rome and had the financial portfolio to prove it.
The Bible is amazingly brief in its descriptions of people, so when attention is drawn to some physical aspect we should pay attention. The au- thor of Genesis does not have
Joyous Faith (Luke 19:1–10)
to tell us that Esau is not the sharpest knife in the drawer— Esau tells us himself by how he asks for some “red stuff” (Genesis 25:29-34). King Eglon was fat, and Ehud was left handed—details that mat- ter to the telling of the story (Judges 3:12-30). Zaccha- eus was vertically challenged. How short was he? So short that he could not see over the crowd and climbed a sycamore-fig tree to see Jesus.
Tall Appointment | Luke 19:5-10
Jesus came knocking on Za- cchaeus’s tree. He called Zac- chaeus by name. There is no record of Jesus having any for- mer encounter with Zaccha- eus, so we assume Jesus knew his name by divine revelation (John 10:14). Jesus invited himself to Zacchaeus’s home. This might seem very forward in our culture. But given the hospitality and shame / honor contexts of the ancient world in the Middle East, this was not forward at all. Even if it was, Zacchaeus was all in. He welcomed him gladly.
(The word welcomed means “to fully receive.”)
The people of Jericho, who might be headed to Jerusalem themselves for Passover, did not understand divine ap- pointments. They began to mutter. This is the same word for what the Israelites did in the wilderness and what Christians are commanded not to do (Philippians 2:14). But Zacchaeus did not mutter. He was filled with a joyful faith. Evidently the mere pres- ence of Jesus was enough to send him into joyful repen- tance. “Look, Lord!” (Look is a word of biblical surprise—“be- hold.”)
Zacchaeus must have stunned the crowd with the level of his repentance. There were probably several people waiting in the wings to be his accountability partners to see that he followed through. He agreed to give half of his pos- sessions to the poor. This could be a significant sum of money. He also agreed to pay back anyone he had cheated (a strong likelihood) four times the amount. This is repen-
tance on steroids. Joyous faith does what it can do to set things right. We cannot miss the sociopolitical nature of this repentance.
Jesus took the occasion not only to commend Zacchaeus, but also to declare afresh his own mission. In light of the nearness of the crucifixion, this makes the text larger still. Verses 9, 10 are filled with salvific concepts (salvation, son of Abraham, and seek and save the lost).
Zacchaeus had been res- cued from greediness and thus saved. Jesus might have been speaking prophetically, but to Zacchaeus it must have sounded heavenly. Son of Abraham means Zacchaeus was restored to the covenant family of Israel. The outsider had become an insider (one of Luke’s favorite themes).
Jesus had a laser focus on his mission. He saved a short, greedy man by a divine ap- pointment. As the church par- ticipates in Jesus’ large mission, chance meetings turn into great evangelistic oppor- tunities.
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