Page 31 - BUSINESS MATHEMATICS MODULE 1 (WHOLE)_revised 10.20.2020

Course Guide

WALKTHROUGH

C. MULTIPLICATION
Multiplication is the operations of combining groups of equal quantity or number. Its

basic idea is repeated addition.
For instance, 75 + 75 + 75 + 75 = 300 can be express as 75 × 4 = 300. M1_L1

The symbol (⋅), (×), or (∗) between two mathematical expressions, denoting

multiplication of the second expression by the first, as in:
75 ⋅ 4 = 300 or 75 × 4 = 300 or 75 ∗ 4 = 300

It can also be express as:
75 (4) = 300 or (75) 4 = 300, or (75) (4) = 300 M1_L2

In the multiplication equation, the numbers to be multiplied are called factors and the
result is called the product.

⏞
⏞

× ⏞ =
There are four general properties in multiplying numbers. These are the commutative,
associative, distributive, and multiplicative identity properties.

1. Commutative property: When two numbers are multiplied, the product is the

SAME regardless of the order of the factors.
For example: 4 × 2 = 2 × 4

8 = 8 ∎
2. Associative Property: When three or more numbers are multiplied, the product is

the SAME regardless of the grouping of the factors.

For example: (2 × 3) × 4 = 2 × (3 × 4)
6 × 4 = 2 × 12

24 = 24 ∎

3. Distributive Property of Multiplication over Addition (DPMA): The distributive

property states that multiplying a sum by a number gives the same result as
multiplying each addend by the number and then adding the products together.

For example: 4 × (2 + 3) = 4 × 2 + 4 × 3

4 × (5) = (8) + (12)

20 = 20 ∎
LESSON 2: FUNDAMENTAL OPERATIONS 2.9 | P a g e