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                                                                                                          the idol worship prevalent in his day, led to King Nimrod ordering
                                                                                                          him cast into a fiery furnace. Reluctant to come out in support of
                                                                                                          Abraham, Haran decided that if Abraham was saved he too would
                                                                                                          risk being cast into the fire, but if not, he would side with Nimrod.
                                                                                                          A miracle occurred and Abraham emerged unscathed. When Haran
                                                                                                          witnessed Abraham’s miraculous salvation, he spoke up, but this time
                                                                                                          no miracle occurred and he died. Since his willingness to be tested was
                                                                                                          not based on true belief, he did not merit salvation.
                                                                                                            In  both  Haran  and  Aaron’s  cases,  their  tragic  flaw  was  a  lack
                                                                                                          of  self-confidence.  And  so,  parenthetically,  on  the  day  of  the
                                                                                                          Tabernacle’s dedication, Aaron was characteristically full of regret
                                                                                                          for his participation in making the Golden Calf and remained unsure
                                                                                                          of whether he was, in fact, fit to perform the role of High Priest.
                                                                                                          His lack of confidence was intensified by the fact that the Divine
                                                                                                          Presence had not yet rested on the Tabernacle, something for which
                                                                                                          he blamed himself. Finally, Moses prayed with him and “a fire went
                                                                                                          forth from before God and consumed upon the altar the elevation
                                                                                                          offering and their fats, and the people saw and sang song and fell
                                                                                                          upon their faces” (see Rashi on Leviticus 9:23-24).
                                                                                                            In light of Haran and Aaron’s fatal flaws, we can explain that
                                                                                                          Nadav and Avihu wanted to repair not only their own previous
                                                                                                          incarnation’s (Cain’s) and Adam’s sins, but also their father’s history
                                                                                                          of indecision and lack of self-confidence. Indeed, Nadav and Avihu,
                                                                                                          attempted to rectify both their father’s indecisiveness and Haran’s
                                                                                                          hesitancy – his reluctance to follow Abraham into the fire – by making
                                                                                                          a fire offering. On a deep level, Nadav and Avihu correspond quite
                                                                                                          precisely to Haran as they too died before and because of their father.
                                                                                                          The Torah recounts that “Haran died in the lifetime of (al penei)
                                                                                                          Terah his father, in his homeland, Ur Kasdim” (Genesis 11:28). Rashi
                                                                                                          explains that he died both in front of – this is the literal translation
                                                                                                          of the words al penei, translated above as “in the lifetime of” – and
                                                                                                          because of his father, for Terah accused Abraham before Nimrod of
                                                                                                          smashing his idols. This subsequently led to Haran’s being cast into
                                                                                                          the  furnace. Interestingly,  Rashi  also explains that “Ur Kasdim”
                                                                                                          means the “fire of Kasdim,” so fire is a significant motif in Haran
                                                                                                          and Nadav and Avihu’s lives and deaths. Nadav and Avihu, like



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