Page 63 - Reading Success B2

Most volcanoes look like mountains. Volcanoes are formed when the Earth’s
plates are pulled apart. They can also be formed when these plates come

together. Materials from inside the Earth make their way out through volcanoes.
That is why, during volcanic eruptions, you usually see volcanoes spitting fire.

Deep inside the Earth, there are molten rocks. They are molten because it is very
hot inside the Earth. While inside the Earth, these molten rocks are called magma.

Magma makes its way out to the Earth’s surface when a volcano erupts. Once on
the surface, it is called lava. Lava is what we see flowing out of a volcano’s mouth

during an eruption. Sometimes, lava explodes into the air. Volcanoes come in
different shapes and sizes . However, all volcanoes have common parts among

them.
All volcanoes have mouths, which are called craters. A crater is an opening on

top of a volcano. Magma makes its way out through the crater. All volcanoes also
have magma chambers under them. All the magma that a volcano spits out

comes from the chamber. Lastly, all volcanoes have central vents. The central
vent is the hole that connects the chamber to the volcano’s mouth. Magma from

the chamber goes through the vent to reach the crater.
There are many types of volcanoes. Some volcanoes are active. Active

volcanoes are those that are erupting. Volcanoes that erupt regularly are also
active. There are also dormant volcanoes. A volcano is dormant when it is not

currently active, but can erupt again. Other volcanoes are extinct. Extinct
volcanoes are those that are not likely to erupt again in the future.

Main Idea

What is the main idea of this story?

a. volcanoes look like mountains

b. all volcanoes have mouths, which are called craters
c. the many types of volcanoes

d. volcanoes and their characteristics

66_Reading Success B 2