Page 305 - Auditing Standards

As of December 15, 2017

assertions. The auditor may also consider the work performed by the entity's internal auditors in designing
procedures. Guidance on considering the work performed by internal auditors is found in AS 2605,
Consideration of the Internal Audit Function.

Inherent Risk Assessment

.08 The inherent risk for an assertion about a derivative or security is its susceptibility to a material

misstatement, assuming there are no related controls. Examples of considerations that might affect the
auditor's assessment of inherent risk for assertions about a derivative or security include the following.

Management's objectives. Accounting requirements based on management's objectives may
increase the inherent risk for certain assertions. For example, in response to management's objective
of minimizing the risk of loss from changes in market conditions, the entity may enter into derivatives
as hedges. The use of hedges is subject to the risk that market conditions will change in a manner

other than expected when the hedge was implemented so that the hedge is no longer effective. That
increases the inherent risk for certain assertions about the derivatives because in such
circumstances continued application of hedge accounting would not be in conformity with generally

accepted accounting principles.

The complexity of the features of the derivative or security. The complexity of the features of the

derivative or security may increase the complexity of measurement and disclosure considerations
required by generally accepted accounting principles. For example, interest payments on a structured
note may be based on two or more factors, such as one or more interest rates and the market price
of certain equity securities. A formula may dictate the interaction of the factors, such as a prescribed

interest rate less a multiple of another rate. The number and interaction of the factors may increase
the inherent risk for assertions about the fair value of the note.

Whether the transaction that gave rise to the derivative or security involved the exchange of cash.

Derivatives that do not involve an initial exchange of cash are subject to an increased risk that they
will not be identified for valuation and disclosure considerations. For example, a foreign exchange
forward contract that is not recorded at its inception because the entity does not pay cash to enter

into the contract is subject to an increased risk that it will not be identified for subsequent adjustment
to fair value. Similarly, a stock warrant for a traded security that is donated to an entity is subject to
an increased risk that it will not be identified for initial or continuing measurement at fair value.

The entity's experience with the derivative or security. An entity's inexperience with a derivative or
security increases the inherent risk for assertions about it. For example, under a new arrangement,
an entity may pay a small deposit to enter into a futures contract for foreign currency to pay for

purchases from an overseas supplier. The entity's inexperience with such derivatives may lead it to
incorrectly account for the deposit, such as treating it as inventory cost, thereby increasing the risk
that the contract will not be identified for subsequent adjustment to fair value.

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