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Causes of Errors
Improper Nondeterminate
synchronization program operation
a program must wait until the program execution is
data are available in a buffer interleaved by the processor
improper design of the when memory is shared
signaling mechanism can the order in which programs
are scheduled may affect their
result in loss or duplication outcome
Deadlocks
Failed mutual exclusion
more than one user or it is possible for two or more
program attempts to make programs to be hung up
use of a shared resource at waiting for each other
the same time
only one routine at a time may depend on the chance
allowed to perform an timing of resource allocation
update against the file and release