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• Hesitation
... avoid hesitation sounds such as er and um!

• Abbreviations

Some abbreviations, which by common and frequent use are understood,
need not be spelled out e.g.ILS, VOR, NDB, TACAN, GPS, SELCAL, Q-CODES

(QFE, QNH, QDR, )

• Long Messages

If you have a long message pause occasionally. This allows time to check that

the frequency is still clear and gives time for receiver to request repetition or
clarification of parts not received.

3.2 TRANSMISSION OF TIME

All time references should be made in Co-ordinated Universal Time (UTC) and

using the 24 hour clock. This time zone is sometimes referred to as Zulu (Z). 2400
is midnight and 0001 begins the new day.

When transmitting time, only the minutes of the hour are normally required.

However, the hour should be included if there is any possibility of confusion.

Time Transmitted as Pronounced as

0803 ZERO THREE or ZE-RO TREE or
ZERO EIGHT ZERO THREE ZE-RO AIT ZE-RO TREE
1300 ONE THREE ZERO ZERO WUN TREE ZE-RO ZE-RO

2057 FIVE SEVEN or FIFE SEVen or
TWO ZERO FIVE SEVEN TOO ZE-RO FIFE SEVen

Pilots may check the time with the appropriate ATS unit. Time checks shall be

given to the nearest half minute.

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