Page 199 - PPL-engelsk 2025

Human Performance

2.8.1.2 Internal threats

Internal threats are those originating from the cockpit, related to the pilot's

personal performance, such as:

- Fatigue
- Exhaustion

- Lack of knowledge

- Skills

- Language/cultural reasons

2.8.1.3 Organizational threats

Organizational threats arise from the internal organization, such as:

- Poor SOP (Standard Operating Procedures)

- Bad attitudes and safety culture

- Inadequate training and checks

- Insufficient documentation
- Poor maintenance

- Poor planning of time/schedules

2.8.1.4 Latent (hidden) threats

Latent threats are similar to external threats but are not immediately visible

until an incident occurs. These threats are a result of reactive (rather than

proactive) risk assessments. Examples include:

- Systemic organizational deficiencies
- Poor ergonomic design

- Poor airport design

2.8.1.5 Predictable / unpredictable threats

Predictable threats are general threats associated with flying (e.g., weather).

Identifying such threats requires a plan to follow, ideally with alternative plans

to reduce the risk of errors.

Flight Theory PPL(A)(UL)/LAPL Henning Andersen, Midtjysk Flyveskole© 2025 199