Page 4 - GEN 2021
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5.9 Surveillance radar approach ........................................................................ 58
5.10 Par approach .............................................................................................. 58
5.11 SSR Phraseology .......................................................................................... 61
5.12 8.33 kHz phraseology .................................................................................. 63
5.13 Initial messages........................................................................................... 64
6. Weather ...................................................................................... 64
6.1 ATC ATIS VOLMET ...................................................................................... 64
6.2 Supplementary information ....................................................................... 66
7. Failures and emergencies ............................................................ 67
7.1 Communication failure ............................................................................... 67
7.2 Emergencies .............................................................................................. 69
7.3 Distress procedures ................................................................................... 70
7.4 Urgency procedures ................................................................................... 73
7.5 Medical transports .................................................................................... 74
7.6 Communications related to acts of unlawful interference ........................... 75
8. IFR .............................................................................................. 75
8.1 Callsigns .................................................................................................... 75
8.2 Level reporting .......................................................................................... 76
8.3 Position reporting ...................................................................................... 77
8.4 MET reports .............................................................................................. 78
8.5 Communication failure under IFR ............................................................... 79
8.6 IFR flight profile ......................................................................................... 81
8.7 NDB approach profiles ............................................................................... 84
9. VHF propagation ......................................................................... 85
9.1 Radio waves .............................................................................................. 85
9.2 Frequency units ........................................................................................ 86
9.3 Radio frequency bands .............................................................................. 86
9.4 VHF frequency spread ............................................................................... 87
9.5 VHF frequency separation ......................................................................... 87
9.6 VHF propagation characteristics ................................................................ 88
9.7 Factors affecting VHF propagation ............................................................. 89
9.8 Effective range af VHF ............................................................................... 90
9.9 Freak propagation ..................................................................................... 91
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