Page 428 - PPL BEG-engelsk

Communication

4.12.3.1 Accuracy of bearing

The accuracy of bearings in flight is given in different classes, which describe

the maximum deviation from the actual direction.

Classes of reliability:

- A = ± 2⁰

- B = ± 5⁰

- C = ± 10⁰
- D > 10⁰

4.12.3.2 QDM, QDR, QTE, QUJ

When you are unsure about your navigation, you can get the following

directions:
QDM = Magnetic bearing to station

QDR = Magnetic bearing from station (radial)

QTE = True bearing from station

QUJ = True bearing to station

The latter two can be drawn directly on your flight chart and have nothing to

do with radio direction finding.

In connection with radio direction finding, you only need to know QDM and

QDR.

Memorization rule:

- QDM is QD-TO (Towards the station)

- QDR is QD-RADIAL

A call for a bearing could sound like this:

 Roskilde Tower OY-CTZ

O-TZ Roskilde Tower

 O-TZ requests QDM

Flight Theory PPL(A)(UL)/LAPL Henning Andersen, Midtjysk Flyveskole© marts 2026 428