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234 Hand-Rearing Birds

(University of Cape Town), South African Department of Environmental Affairs – Oceans and
Coasts, Cape Nature, Robben Island Museum, City of Cape Town, and South African National
Parks. Thank you to the various institutions around the world who have advised and assisted with
incubation and hand‐rearing advice over the years.

­ Sources­for Products­Mentioned

3M™ Nomad™ Unbacked Scraper Matting 8100: http://matsinc.com/3m‐nomad‐unbacked‐
scraper‐8100, (800) 628–7462.
Edelweiss Pharmaceuticals, PO Box 307, Steenberg 7947, South Africa, www.ewlabs.co.za.
Kyron Laboratories, 29 Barney Road, Johannesburg, Benrose 2094, South Africa, http://
compfusionpreview.co.za.

References

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M.Sc: Thesis, University of Bristol.
Barham, P.J., Underhill, L.G., Crawford, R.J.M. et al. (2007). Differences in breeding success between
African penguins (Spheniscus demersus) that were and were not oiled in the MV Treasure oil‐spill in
2000. Emu 107: 7–13.
BirdLife International. (2019). Species factsheet: Spheniscus demersus. Downloaded from www.birdlife.org.
Connan, M., Hofmeyr, G.J.G., and Pistorius, P.A. (2016). Reappraisal of the trophic ecology of one of
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demersus populations in the 20th century. South African Journal of Marine Science 16: 101–118.
Crawford, R.J.M., Shannon, L.J., and Whittington, P.A. (1999). Population dynamics of the African
Penguin Spheniscus demersus at Robben Island. South Africa. Marine Ornithology 27: 139–147.
Crawford, R.J.M., Altwegg, R., Barham, B.J. et al. (2011). Collapse of South Africa’s penguins in the
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Erasmus, T. and Smith, D. (1974). Temperature regulation of young jackass penguins, Spheniscus
demersus. African Zoology 9 (2): 195–203.
Frost, P.G.H., Siegfried, W.R., and Cooper, J. (1976). Conservation of the jackass penguin (Spheniscus
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Hockey, P.A.R., Dean, W.R.J., and Ryan, P.G. (eds.) (2005). Roberts Birds of Southern Africa, 7e. Cape
Town, South Africa: John Voelcker Bird Book Fund.
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