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annular ligament desmitis treated by annular ligament 17. Bukowiecki CF, Bramlage LR, Gabel AA. In vitro strength of the
96
resection, only 38% became sound. Of horses with suspensory apparatus in training and resting horses. Vet Surg
1987;16:126–130.
VetBooks.ir Of 25 horses with synovial masses and adhesions, 72% 18. Busschers E, Richardson DW, Hogan PM, et al. Surgical repair of
longitudinal tears of the DDFT, 58% became sound.
101
mid‐body proximal sesamoid bone fractures in 25 horses. Vet
became sound. Some horses with primary desmitis can
Surg 2008;37:771–780.
33
become sound with rest alone. Bilateral PAL thicken- 19. Carmalt JL, Borg H, Naslund H, et al. Racing performance in
55
ing, concurrent limb injuries, subcutaneous fibrosis, and Swedish Standardbred trotting horses with proximal palmar/plan-
tar first phalangeal (Birkeland) fragments compared to fragment
lesions within the DFTS all have a negative effect on free controls. Vet J 2014;202:43–47.
prognosis. 65 20. Carmalt JL, Borg H, Naslund H, Waldner C. Racing performance
in standardbred trotting horses with proximal palmar/plantar
first phalangeal fragments relative to the timing of surgery. Equine
Vet J 2015;47:433–437.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 21. Carpenter RS, Galuppo LD, Simpson EL, et al. Clinical evaluation
of the locking compression plate for fetlock arthrodesis in six
The authors would like to thank Dr. Hilary Rice for Thoroughbred racehorses. Vet Surg 2008;37:263–268.
her contributions. 22. Clayton HM. Cinematographic analysis of the gait of lame horses
II: chronic sesamoiditis. Equine Vet Sci 1986;6:310–314.
23. Cohen ND, Peloso JG, Mundy GD, et al. Racing‐related factors
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