Page 817 - Adams and Stashak's Lameness in Horses, 7th Edition
P. 817

Lameness Associated with the Axial Skeleton  783


                                                                 References
  VetBooks.ir                                                     1.  Denoix JM, Jacquet S. Ultrasound‐guided injection of the sacro-
                                                                    iliac area in horses. Equine Vet Educ 2008;204:203–207.
                                                                  2.  Dyson SJ. Pain associated with the sacroiliac joint region: a diag-
                                                                    nostic challenge. Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 2004;50:357–360.
                                                                  3.  Dyson SJ, Murray RC. Clinical features of pain associated with
                                                                    the  sacroiliac  region:  a  European  perspective.  Proc  Am  Assoc
                                                                    Equine Pract 2004;50:367–371.
                                                                  4.  Engeli E, Haussler KK. Review of sacroiliac injection techniques.
                                                                    Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 2004;50:372–378.
                                                                  5. Engeli E, Haussler KK, Erb HN. How to inject the sacroiliac
                                                                    joint region in horses. Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 2002;48:
                                                                    257–260.
                                                                  6.  Engeli E, Yeager AE, Haussler KK. Use and limitations of ultra-
                                                                    sonography  in  sacroiliac  disease.  Proc  Am  Assoc  Equine  Pract
                                                                    2004;50:385–391.
                                                                  7.  Engeli E, Haussler KK, Erb HN. Development and validation of a
                                                                    periarticular injection technique of the sacroiliac joint in horses.
                                                                    Equine Vet J 2004;36:324–330.
                                                                  8.  Florent D, Cousty M, Rossier Y. How to do ultrasound‐guided
                                                                    injection of the sacroiliac region in horses. Proc Am Assoc Equine
             Figure 6.29.  Injection of the sacroiliac joint: needle insertion at   Pract 2007;53:430–432.
             the left side 2 cm out of the median, through the intervertebral   9.  Goff LM, Jeffcott LB, Jasiewicz J, et  al. Structural and biome-
             ligament between the dorsal processes of L5 and L6 into the right   chanical aspects of equine sacroiliac joint function and their rela-
                                                                    tionship to clinical disease. Equine Vet J 2008;176;281–293.
             sacroiliac joint. The red dot indicates the location of needle insertion   10.  Gomez Alvarez CB, L’Ami JJ, Moffat D, et al. Effect of chiroprac-
             on the skin.                                           tic manipulations on the kinematics of back and limbs in horses
                                                                    with clinically diagnosed back problems. Equine Vet J 2008;40:
                                                                    153–159.
                                                                 11.  Gorgas D, Kircher P, Doherr MG, et al. Radiographic technique
               In cases with severe damage to the dorsal sacral liga-  and anatomy of the equine sacroiliac region. Vet Radiol Ultrasound
             ments (disruption of the fiber pattern) as with partial or   2007;48:501–506.
             complete rupture of these ligaments, injection of platelet‐  12.  Haussler KK. Functional anatomy and pathophysiology of sacro-
             rich plasma (PRP) into the damaged tissue has shown    iliac joint disease. Proc  Am  Assoc Equine Pract 2004;50:
                                                                    361–366.
             impressive results at the author’s hospital. In comparison   13.  Haussler KK. Treatment options for sacroiliac joint disease. Proc
             with cases that were treated conservatively, the architec-  Am Assoc Equine Pract 2004;50:392–395.
             tural structure of the ligament improved much faster and   14.  Haussler KK. Treatment options for sacroiliac joint disease. Proc
             was more completely restored after treatment with PRP.   Am Assoc Equine Pract 2004;50:392–395.
             However, no change of overall rehabilitation time (4–6   15.  Haussler KK, Stover SM, Willits NH. Pathologic changes in the
                                                                    lumbosacral vertebrae and pelvis in thoroughbred racehorses. Am
             months) has been observed. 26                          J Vet Res 1999;60:143–163.
                                                                 16.  Haussler KK, McGilvray KC, Ayturk UM, et al. Sacroiliac joint
                                                                    motion and pelvic deformation in horses. Proc Am Assoc Equine
                                                                    Pract 2008;54:258–259.
             PROGNOSIS                                           17.  Kersten  AA, Edinger J. Ultrasonographic examination of the
               In nearly all of the past reports, prognosis for sacroiliac   equine sacroiliac region. Equine Vet J 2004;36:602–608.
             diseases has been rather guarded. 3,14,20  In the author’s   18.  Pilsworth RC, Sheperd M, Herinckx BMB, et al. Fracture of the
                                                                    wing of the ilium, adjacent to the sacroiliac joint, in thoroughbred
             experience with more than 200 cases in the last 4 years   racehorses. Equine Vet J 1994;26:94–99.
             involving desmopathy of the dorsal sacral ligaments and   19.  Tomlinson JE, Sage AM, Turner TA. Ultrasonographic abnormali-
             unilateral OA of the sacroiliac joint, more than 90% of the   ties detected in the sacroiliac area in twenty cases of upper
                                                                    hindlimb lameness. Equine Vet J 2003;35:48–54.
             horses returned to work at their original level or higher.   20.  Tracy AT. Back problems in horses. Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract
             All of these cases were on a 6‐month rehabilitation pro-  2003;49:71–74.
             gram with rechecks at 2‐month intervals. The horses were   21.  Tucker RL, Schneider RK, Sondhof AH, et al. Bone scintigraphy in
             evaluated clinically and ultrasonographically at every   the diagnosis of sacroiliac injury in twelve horses. Equine Vet J
                                                                    1998;30:390–395.
             recheck, and adjustments to the rehabilitation program   22.  Van Wessum, R. How to look for sacroiliac disease during lame-
             were made based on the outcome of this evaluation.     ness examination: some simple clinical indicators. Proc Am Assoc
               For cases with partial or complete rupture and sub-  Equine Pract 2014;60:244–246.
             luxation of the sacroiliac joint, prognosis seems to be   23.  van Wessum R. Sacroiliac disease. In Current Therapy in Equine
             favorable; however, at Michigan State University the   Medicine, 6th ed. Robinson NE, Sprayberry KA, eds. Saunders
                                                                    Elsevier, St. Louis, 2008;483–487.
             author has seen fewer than 10 cases with this type of   24.  van Wessum R, Nickels F, Pease AP, et al. Clinical data on 206
             injury over the last 4 years. With enough time for initial   equine back pain cases. Unpublished data.
             healing of the ligamentous structures (2‐plus months of   25.  van Wessum R, Johnston KA, Nickels F, et al. A novel technique
                                                                    for injection of the sacroiliac joint. Unpublished data.
             stall rest with some hand walking) and 4–6 months for   26.  van Wessum R, Johnston KA, Nickels F, et al. The use of PRP for
             rehabilitation exercises, these horses were able to return   the treatment of ligament  and tendon  pathology in 20 cases.
             to their original level of performance.                Unpublished data.
   812   813   814   815   816   817   818   819   820   821   822