Page 2 - Cote clinical veterinary advisor dogs and cats 4th

Canine Vaccination Guidelines

Modified from American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) Canine Vaccination Task Force, et al: 2017 AAHA Canine Vaccination Guidelines. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 53(5):243–251, 2017.

VetBooks.ir Life Stage Age CDV CAV2 lepto CPiV CPV Rabies Bb 2 Lyme CIV 6 H3N2 CIV 6 H3N8 C. atrox

6-8 wks
Puppy
❍
❍
❍
9-11 wks 1 1 ● ● ● ❍ 4 ❍ ● ● ❍ 2 5 ❍ ❍ ❍
❍
●
14-16 wks 1 ● ● ❍ 4 ❍ ● ● ❍ ❍ 9
First adult 1 yr, or 1st vaccination at > 16 wks ● 3 ● 3 ❍ 3 ❍ 3 ● 3 ● ❍ 3 ❍ 3 ❍ ❍ ❍ 9
Adult booster Annually when > 1 yr of age ❍ 3 ❍ 7 ● 8 ❍ 3 ❍ 3 ❍ ❍ ❍ 9
q 3 yr when > 1 yr of age ● ● ❍ 7 ● ● 8
LEGEND: COMMENTS: Parainfluenza: Prevents clinical signs but has not been shown to prevent infection
● Core vaccine: all dogs (1) Revaccinate q 3-4 weeks until 14-16 weeks of age. Dogs at high risk (e.g., exposure and viral shedding. Topical intranasal is safe at ≥ 3 weeks of age and is usually
should receive core risk) may benefit from dose of CDV, CAV2, and CPV at 18-20 weeks of age. combined with Bb.
vaccines unless there is a (2) Options include SQ or mucosal routes (intranasal and oral). Two initial doses Parvovirus: MLV vaccine is recommended and should protect against any field variant,
specific reason to avoid required for SQ vaccine, while a single initial dose of mucosal vaccine is adequate. including CPV-2b and CPV-2c.
vaccination. Onset of efficacy more rapid with mucosal vaccine. Rabies: Administration depends on product type and state, provincial, and local statutes.
❍ Noncore vaccine: (3) When a dog receives the first vaccination of its life at >16 weeks of age, revaccination Read package insert and contact regional authorities for exact specifications.
administered selectively 3-4 weeks later is recommended. Bordetella: Duration of immunity is 12-14 months after intranasal vaccination, while
based on assessment of (4) First vaccination should be given at 12 weeks, and again at 14-16 weeks. duration has not been published for SQ or oral routes. Mucosal vaccine for Bb
risk-to-benefit ratio (e.g., (5) If first dose is between 6 and 8 weeks of age, second dose should be at 10-12 may be administered as early as 3 weeks of age. CAUTION: Parenteral injection of
environment, risk of weeks of age. mucosal vaccine preparation can cause acute liver injury.
exposure). (6) Monovalent or bivalent (H3N2 and H3N8) vaccines available. Borreliosis/Lyme disease: Generally recommended only in dogs with a high risk
Bb, Bordetella bronchi- (7) Intranasal vaccine, usually combined with Bb, may be given annually. of exposure.
septica; C. atrox, Crotalus (8) Administration annually or triennially depends on product type and regional statutes. Canine influenza: Monovalent or bivalent parenteral vaccines available. Initial vac-
atrox (rattlesnake); (9) Dosing requirements and frequency vary among dogs depending on body weight cination should begin 4 weeks before potential exposure, with first booster 2 weeks
CAV2, canine adenovirus and exposure risk. before exposure.
2 (infectious canine Crotalus atrox: Only for use in dogs with high risk of exposure.
hepatitis); CDV, canine
distemper virus; lepto, Canine distemper: In the past, a single dose of measles vaccine IM was used in
leptospirosis (4-serovar); very young puppies to overcome maternal immunity, but newer recombinant CDV
CIV, canine influenza vaccines make this unnecessary. Recombinant and MLV vaccines perform similarly
virus; CPiV, canine in the absence of maternal immunity.
parainfluenza virus; CPV, Infectious canine hepatitis (adenovirus-2): Parenteral CAV2 vaccines protect from
canine parvovirus; MLV, infectious canine hepatitis (adenovirus-1) and respiratory CAV2. Mucosal CAV2 does
modified live virus; wks, not protect from hepatitis.
weeks; yr, year. Leptospirosis: For optimal response and lower risk of severe adverse effect, first dose
should be given 12 weeks of age. Only vaccines that contain all 4 serovars (pomona,
icterohaemorrhagiae, grippotyphosa, canicola) should be used.
Feline Vaccination Guidelines
Recommendations for household pet cats, adapted from Scherk MA, et al: 2013 American Association of Feline Practitioners’ Feline Vaccination Advisory Panel Report. J Feline Med Surg
15:785–808, 2013; and 2015 ABCD Recommendations for indoor/outdoor cats, rescue shelter cats and breeding catteries. J Feline Med Surg 17:583-587, 2015.
FeLV
Rabies
Life Stage Age FVRCP 1 Rabies FeLV FIV C. felis Bb FIP
FIV
Kitten 6-8 wks ● ❍ 6,7 ❍
9-12 wks ● ❍ ❍ 6 ❍ ❍
≥ 13 wks ● ◐ 4,5 ❍ 8 ❍ 8 ❍ 8 ❍ ❍ 9
First adult 1 yr of age, or first vaccination at >12 wks ● 3 ◐ 4,5 ❍ 8 ❍ 8 ❍ 8 ❍ ❍
Booster Annually when >1 yr of age ● 3 ◐ 5 ❍ ❍ ❍ 8 ❍
q 3 yr when > 1 yr of age 2 ● ◐ 5 ❍
LEGEND: COMMENTS: Feline panleukopenia: Use killed vaccine if FeLV- or FIV-infected, < 4 weeks of age,
● Core vaccine: highly (1) For pregnant queens, use inactivated rather than MLV; risks of MLV in retrovirus- or pregnant. Any cat should receive at least 1 panleukopenia vaccine parenterally.
recommended for all positive cats are unknown. Rabies: Considered core vaccine if rabies is endemic in area and/or vaccine is legally
cats. (2) Presumes that adequate vaccination has occurred previously (e.g., 2 doses within required.
◐ Core in some locations. 3-4 weeks of each other, beginning at ≥ 9 weeks of age). If not, or if uncertain, Feline leukemia virus (FeLV): Serologic testing is recommended before vaccination;
❍ Noncore vaccine: immediate vaccination is routinely warranted, followed by revaccination 3-4 weeks infected cats do not derive any benefit from vaccination. Vaccination is recommended
for cats that are not restricted to a closed, indoor, FeLV-negative environment,
administered selectively later, then 1 year later, and then every 3 years.
based on assessment of (3) Continue every 3-4 weeks until 16-20 weeks of age; if a cat first receives this vaccine especially if < 16 weeks of age.
risk-to-benefit ratio at ≥ 12 weeks of age, then revaccination is warranted 3-4 weeks later, then 1 year Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV): Vaccination for FIV is not routinely recommended
(e.g., environment, risk later, then every 3 years; vaccination 7-10 days before boarding, stress, and/or but may be considered in high-risk cats (e.g., outdoor cats that fight, or FIV-negative
of exposure). group exposure if last vaccination was > 1 year earlier may be warranted. cats in household contact with an FIV-positive cat). An FIV test is indicated before
Bb, Bordetella (4) If a cat first receives this vaccine at age ≥ 12 weeks, a second vaccination is necessary initial FIV vaccination.
bronchiseptica; C. felis, 1 year later, then every 1 or 3 years according to product type and regional statutes. Chlamydia felis: Vaccination is not recommended for routine use. Considered for
Chlamydia felis; FeLV, (5) Consult regional statues for requirements as well as need for annual or triennial use in cats in multiple-cat environments where C. felis infections are associated
feline leukemia virus; boosters (booster requirements also differ with vaccine products). Any cat with with clinical disease.
FIP, feline infectious outdoor exposure in rabies endemic area should be vaccinated. Bordetella bronchiseptica: Vaccination may be considered for use in cats in shelter
peritonitis; FIV, feline (6) Earliest age for vaccination = 8 weeks. environments where laboratory-proven B. bronchiseptica infections are associated
immunodeficiency (7) FeLV vaccination, along with booster, are recommended for all kittens < 1 year of with clinical disease. First dose of IN vaccine is given once at ≥ 4 weeks of age as
virus; FVRCP, Feline age. The need for subsequent vaccination is determined by individual risk. single dose. NOTE: Dog vaccine should not be used in cats.
herpesvirus-1 (feline (8) If a cat first receives this vaccine at ≥ 12 weeks of age, a second vaccination is FIP: Vaccination is not recommended for routine use. Vaccine contains temperature-
viral rhinotracheitis)/ sensitive modified-live mutant coronavirus strain administered IN. There is controversy
calicivirus/panleukopenia; necessary 3-4 weeks later, then annually if warranted by sustained risk of infection. as to the efficacy of vaccination even in high-risk environments.
IN, intranasal vaccine (9) FIP vaccine is administered intranasally at or after 16 weeks of age, by which time
(NOTE: Never administer most cats reared in an endemic environment have already been exposed to feline
a vaccine designed for coronavirus. Vaccine site recommendations:
parenteral injection via • FVRCP (with or without Chlamydia felis): right forelimb, distal to elbow.
a mucosal route as it Feline viral rhinotracheitis (herpesvirus-1) and feline calicivirus: Kittens that • Rabies: right hindlimb, distal to stifle.
may cause disease); MLV, are orphaned or at high risk of exposure may receive the first vaccination at age • FeLV: left hindlimb, distal to stifle.
modified live virus; wks, 4 weeks (parenteral) or at age 10-14 days (IN). If using IN vaccine and cat is ≥ 12 • Injectable vaccine should be administered SQ or IM as labeled (if both are acceptable,
weeks; yr, years. weeks of age, the second dose is not necessary until 1 year later (and then every then SQ is preferred).
3 years). Multivalent calicivirus vaccines are appropriate in shelter settings where • Injection sites of other medications should be recorded.
vaccinated cats are developing clinical signs of calicivirus infection (different strain).