Page 225 - The Veterinary Laboratory and Field Manual 3rd Edition

194 Susan C. Cork and Mani Lejeune

Table 3.11 Some insects of veterinary importance and the diseases they transmit
(for additional information see Taylor et al., 2007).

Family Species Main hosts disease and comments
diptera (flies)
Tabanidae Tabanus sp. Chrysops sp. Predominantly large Causes annoyance, can
Haematopota sp. mammals transmit trypanosomes,
tularemia, Anaplasma sp,
equine infectious anaemia
Glossinidae Glossina sp. (Tsetse fly) Large mammals Trypanosoma sp. (sleeping
sickness in humans, Nagana)
Muscidae Musca sp. (house fly), Many Cause annoyance, may
Stomoxys sp. (stable fly) mechanically transmit bacteria,
cause wound infections, Surra
(T. evansi), keratoconjunctivitis
(pink eye)
Oestridae Hypoderma sp. (bot fly), Many Local irritation, may cause
Oestrus sp. (warble flies), secondary problems due to
Gasterophilus sp. (nasal location of lesions (i.e. Oestrus
bot) ovis larvae migration to brain)
Calliphoridae Calliphora sp. (blue Many Myiasis, wound infection with
bottles), Lucilia sp. (green larvae (maggots) = ‘fly strike’
bottles = blow flies)
Hippoboscidae Forest flies and keds, Several species Cause ‘biting’ distress,
e.g. Melophagus ovinus, annoyance
(wingless fly)
Ceratopogonidae Culicoides sp. (biting All domestic and May transmit Blue tongue
midge) wild mammals virus, epizootic haemorrhagic
disease (deer) and African
horse sickness as well as filarial
worms
Psychodidae Phlebotomus sp. (sand Many wild and May transmit Leishmaniasis
flies) domestic mammals
and birds
Culicidae Mosquitoes* (Aedes sp. Many wild and Breed in damp humid areas,
Anopheles sp. Culesita sp. domestic mammals some species may transmit
Culex sp. etc.) and birds heart worm (Dirofilaria sp.),
malaria, viral encephalitis and
rift valley fever

Phthiraptera (lice) Trichodectes sp. Dog Can transmit the Dipylidium sp.
tapeworm
Felicola sp. Cat Chewing louse of cats, can
cause irritation, usually seen in
debilitated animals
Pediculus sp. Human Can transmit Typhus/Relapsing
fever

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