Page 539 - The Veterinary Laboratory and Field Manual 3rd Edition

476 Susan C. Cork

Table A1.1 Summary of the source and clinical signs associated with some
common zoonotic diseases.

disease Agent Animals Mode of Clinical signs in Action/ prevention
involved transmission humans & notes
to humans
BACTERIA
Anthrax* Bacillus anthracis Warm blooded Skin wounds, Small black scab, if Take care when
animals. inhalation, inhaled can cause examining cases of
ingestion. systemic disease. sudden death. Do not
open carcass, bury
in deep pit. Wash
hands. Vaccinate
livestock.
Brucellosis* Brucella spp.B. Livestock Direct contact Undulant fever, Boil milk before
abortus species, dogs. with infected aching joints, consuming it. Test
B. melintensis body fluids general malaise, milking cows for
B. canis including milk persistent and Brucellosis. Take
B. suis from infected chronic. care when examining
animals. cases of abortion.
Campylo- Campylobacter Widespread in Faecal Gastroenteritis, General hygiene,
bacter spp. mammals and contamination may be chronic and wash vegetables in
birds. of food. persistent. clean water. Cook
poultry meat well.
Cat scratch Bartonella Cats. Scratches and Fever, swollen Antibiotics, avoid
fever Henselae bites. lymph nodes. being scratched/
bitten.
Clostridial Clostridium spp. Widespread Cl. botulinum: Cl. botulinum, Cl. botulinum, do not
diseases Cl. Botulinum especially ingestion of neurological signs, eat tinned food out of
Cl. tetani as a soil botulinum may be fatal. Cl. cans expanded with
contaminant. toxins, other tetani, tetanus, gas, Cl. tetani and
Clostridia other Clostridia others, wash wounds
usually by spp. gangrene. well, for deep
infection of wounds seek medical
wounds. attention. Vaccinate
children and adults,
(tetanus). Antibiotics
and antitoxins.
Vaccine available to
prevent tetanus.
Erysipelas Erysipelothrix Poultry Wound Small scab usually Hygiene, care when
(insidiosa) (turkeys) and contaminant. on hands. handling poultry and
rhusiopathiae livestock, meat products.
especially pigs
(diamond skin
disease).
Glanders Burkholderia Equids, other Nasal Respiratory and Hygiene, wear gloves
Mallei livestock and discharges, systemic signs. when handling dead
(previously wildlife. infected tissues animals, avoid aerosol
Pseudomonas at necropsy. Can of infectious particles.
mallei) live in the soil in
tropical areas.

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