Page 618 - Problem-Based Feline Medicine

610 PART 9 CAT WITH SIGNS OF GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT DISEASE

Asymmetry of jaw.
ORONASAL FISTULA
Hemorrhage in acute stages.
Classical signs
Excessive salivation.
● Occasional sneezing.
Halitosis associated with secondary bacterial infection
● Unilateral nasal discharge.
of traumatized tissue.
● Excessive licking of nose.
See main reference on page 27 for details (The Cat Diagnosis
With Signs of Chronic Nasal Disease).
Palpation and radiographic demonstration of fracture.
Clinical signs

Most often associated with dental disease; occasion- TOOTH FRACTURE WITH PERIAPICAL
ally occurs after trauma, with formation of a fistula in ABSCESSATION
the hard palate.
Classical signs
Occasional sneezing.
● Presence of fractured tooth.
Unilateral nasal discharge (usually mucopurulent but
may be hemorrhagic). If associated with dental disease
or unilateral traumatic fistula.
Clinical signs
Excessive licking of nose.
Fractured tooth.
Oronasal fistula visible if tooth is absent.
Oral pain in acute phase (< 48 hours) then no pain until
Advanced periodontal disease.
periapical abscess forms.
Halitosis.
Calculus build-up on teeth on affected side of mouth
due to reluctance to chew with affected tooth.
Diagnosis
Halitosis may be present if the periapical abscess is
Presence of oronasal fistula on periodontal probing draining intra-orally.
(vigorous movement of probe results in blood from
nostril).
Diagnosis
Presence of fractured crown.
MANDIBULAR AND MAXILLARY
FRACTURES
CONGENITAL ANOMALY OF THE HARD
Classical signs PALATE (CLEFT PALATE)
● Mouth held open (often with tongue
Classical signs
protruding).
● Jaw asymmetry. ● Snuffling and nasal discharge.
● Excessive salivation. ● Visible evidence of cleft.

Clinical signs
Clinical signs
Unwilling (or unable) to close mouth and tongue pro-
truding. Snuffling and nasal discharge, which is usually bilateral.