Page 1058 - Adams and Stashak's Lameness in Horses, 7th Edition

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Figure 9.62. (Left) Evaluation of an American Saddlebred for rack. Note the right hindlimb lameness, which should be flipped to a
lameness at the trot. A clear left hindlimb lack of pushoff and impact left hindlimb lameness due to the data collection of an ipsilateral
lameness are found with variation (standard deviations) of Diff Max gait. Also, note the relatively high variation compared with means of
and Diff Min Pelvis less than mean indicating good consistency. Diff Max and Diff Min Pelvis, with standard deviations greater than
(Right) Evaluation of the same American Saddlebred horse at the means.

running walk of the Tennessee Walking Horse. Therefore, 3. Axelsson M, Björnsdottir P, Eksell P, et al. Risk factors associated
forelimb results will be reliable, but hindlimb results will with hindlimb lameness and degenerative joint disease in the dis­
tal tarsus of Icelandic horses. Equine Vet J 2001;33:84–90.
be unreliable. The pace is a two‐beat, lateralized gait 4. Barrey E. Gaits and interlimb coordination. In Equine Locomotion, 2nd
with a moment of suspension between footfalls. Forelimb ed. Back W, Clayton HM, eds. Elsevier Saunders, London, 2013;85–91.
results will be reliable, and hindlimb results will be 5. Bennet SD. Lameness in the American Saddlebred and other trot­
opposite of true. ting breeds with collection. In Diagnosis and Management of
Lameness in the Horse, 2nd ed. Ross MW, Dyson SJ, eds. Elsevier
Saunders, St. Louis, MO, 2011;1188–1195.
6. Biknevicius AR, Mullineaux DR, Clayton HM. Locomotor mechan­
References ics of the tölt in Icelandic horses. Am J Vet Res 2006;67:1505–1510.
7. Blackford JT, Sternberg JC. Walking horses. In Diagnosis and
1. Agricultural Communications, Texas A&M University System. Management of Lameness in the Horse, 2nd ed. Ross MW, Dyson
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Horse. Blood‐Horse Publications, 5 September 2012. 8. Breeds that Gait. Equus 2007;359(August):52–54.
2. Andersson LS, Lahammar M, Memic F, et al. Mutations in 9. Clayton HM. Comparison of the stride kinematics of the col­
DMRT3 affect locomotion in horses and spinal circuit function in lected, working, medium and extended trot in horses. Equine Vet
mice. Nature 2012;488:642–646. doi:10.1038/nature11399. J 1994;26:230–234.