Page 1166 - Adams and Stashak's Lameness in Horses, 7th Edition

1132 Chapter 11

Nail Abscess 9. Fitzgerald BW, Honnas CM. Management of wounds in the foot.
In Current Therapy in Equine Medicine, 6th ed. Robinson NE, ed.
Another form of abscess results from a horseshoe nail
VetBooks.ir driven deep to the stratum corneum into dermal tissue. 10. Floyd A, Mansmann RA. Equine Podiatry. WB Saunders, St. Louis,
WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 2008;535–540.
MO, 2007;43:113.
Dermal tissue can be inoculated by bacteria from a mis­
11. Higgins AJ, Snyder J, eds. The Equine Manual, 2nd ed. Elsevier‐
placed nail in two ways. First, the nail can be driven
WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 2006;972–996.
directly into the laminar corium. When the nail enters 12. Hunt RJ. Management of clubfoot in horses: foal to adult. Proc
dermal tissue, the horse shows discomfort as the nail is Am Assoc Equine Pract 2012;58:157–163.
driven into the foot and there is hemorrhage present 13. Johnston C, Back W. Hoof ground interaction: when biome­
chanical stimuli challenge the tissues of the distal limb. Equine
where the nail exits the outer hoof wall. Blood observed Vet J 2006;38:634–641.
at the exit of the offending nail alerts the farrier of the 14. Kobluk C, Robinson R, Gordon B, et al. The effect of conforma­
misplaced nail. The blood also acts as a physiologic rinse tion and shoeing: a cohort study of 95 Thoroughbred racehorses.
to dilute or eliminate bacterial contamination. Removal Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 1989;35:259–274.
of the nail and application of an appropriate antiseptic 15. Moyer W. Hoof wall defects: chronic hoof wall separations
and hoof wall cracks. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract
usually prevent infection. 2003;19:464–469.
The second scenario that occurs frequently is when 16. Moyer WA, Colohan PT. Canker. In Equine Medicine & Surgery,
the farrier is driving a nail; the horse shows pain, indi­ 5th ed. Mosby, St. Louis, MO, 1999;1544–1546.
cating the nail is invading sensitive tissue. The farrier 17. O’Grady SE. White line disease‐an update. Equine Vet Educ
2001;3:66–72.
then generally removes the nail, places it in another 18. O’Grady SE. Shoeing management of sheared heels. In Current
spot or direction, and again drives it into the foot. The Therapy in Equine Medicine, 5th ed. Robinson NE, ed. WB
original nail (even if removed) may inoculate the der­ Saunders, Philadelphia, 2002;528–532.
mis with organisms and contribute to an abscess. If the 19. O’Grady SE. How to manage sheared heels. Proc Am Assoc
Equine Pract 2005;51:451–456.
nail has entered the foot inside the sole–wall junction 20. O’Grady SE. Strategies for shoeing the horse with palmar foot
(white line), the owner should be alerted by the farrier pain. Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 2006;52:209–214.
to potential problems. To avert an abscess, the horse 21. O’Grady SE. How to manage white line disease. Proc Am Assoc
may be placed on an oral broad‐spectrum antibiotic Equine Pract 2006;51:520–225.
for 3–5 days as a prophylactic measure. 22. O’Grady SE. Guidelines for trimming the equine foot: a review.
Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 2009;55:218–225.
Finally, there is a “close nail,” in which the nail is 23. O’Grady SE. Farriery for common poof problems. In Adams and
placed such that it lies against the border of the dermal Stashak’s Lameness in Horses, 6th ed. Baxter GM, ed. Wiley‐
corium just inside the hoof wall. Pressure against the Blackwell, Ames, IA, 2011;1199–1210.
corium and the movement of the hoof wall structures 24. O’Grady SE. Various aspects of barefoot methodology relevant to
equine veterinary practice. Equine Vet Educ 2015;28:321–326.
combined with the organisms introduced with the nail 25. O’Grady SE. The proper application of the wooden shoe: an overview.
often lead to an abscess as described above. There is Equine Vet Educ 2019. doi: 10.1111/eve.13031.
usually a lag period of 7–14 days or even longer before 26. O’Grady SE, Dryden VC. Farriery for the horse with the high heel
or club foot. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2012;28:365–380.
clinical symptoms or lameness is observed. Treatment 27. O’Grady SE, Madison JM. How to treat equine canker. Proc Am
again revolves around removing the nail and establish­ Assoc Equine Pract 2004;50:202–205.
ing drainage. 28. O’Grady SE, Watson E. How to glue on therapeutic shoes. Proc
Am Assoc Equine Pract 1999;45:115–119.
29. O’Grady SE. Flexural deformities of the distal interphalangeal
joint (clubfeet): a review. Equine Vet Educ 2012;24:260–268.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 30. O’Grady SE, Castelijns HH. Sheared heels and the correlation to
spontaneous quarter cracks. Equine Vet Educ 2011;23:262–269.
The author would like to thank Derek Poupard, 31. O’Grady SE, Poupard DA. Physiologic horseshoeing: an overview.
CJF, DipWCF and Jeffery Ridley, CJF, TE for their Equine Vet Educ 2001;13:330–334.
contributions. 32. Oosterlinck M, Deneut K, Dumoulin M, et al. Retrospective study
of 30 horses with chronic proliferative pododermatitis (canker).
Equine Vet Educ 2011;23:466–471.
33. Parks AH. Form and function of the equine digit. Vet Clin North
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