Page 1564 - Clinical Small Animal Internal Medicine

1502 Section 12 Skin and Ear Diseases

trauma. In adulthood, the skin fragility persists but areas Great Dane
VetBooks.ir of dark gray hyperkeratosis and hyperpigmentation will fine, dry, white to yellow scaling along with a greasy,
Clinically, Great Dane puppies present with generalized
develop and are worse in the intertriginous regions.
leathery appearance to the axillary and inguinal regions.
Pruritus has not been described and footpads, claws,
teeth. and hairs were reported to be normal. Marked skin wrinkling is present on the head, muzzle
and distal limbs.
Jack Russell Terrier
Affected dogs are born with thick, large, adherent, white Other Breeds
to dark scales in areas with sparse hair coat and loosely Ichthyosis has been anecdotally reported in West
adherent scales in other parts of the body. Footpads are Highland white terriers and English springer spaniels.
reported to be moderately hyperkeratotic and the nails An epidermolytic form was described in a Labrador
soft. Secondary bacterial and Malassezia infections may cross based on histopathologic findings. More recently,
be a complicating problem.

American Bulldog
Shortly after birth, puppies present with a disheveled
hair coat and erythema associated with tightly adherent
tan scales localized to the hairless skin (axilla, abdomen,
groin) which acquires a wrinkled appearance. In adult-
hood, the hairless areas develop a reddish‐brown discol-
oration. Large, loosely adherent, white to tan scales are
present throughout the body (Figure 170.8). Foodpad
hyperkeratosis is a rare finding in adult dogs. Affected
dogs are very prone to developing Malassezia over-
growth which can be severe and result in pruritus
(Figure 170.9).
The clinical appearance of American bulldog ichthyo-
sis is frequently misdiagnosed as atopic dermatitis which
can indeed co‐exist in some dogs. Figure 170.9 Same dog shown in Figure 170.8. Malassezia
overgrowth present on the flank and ventral abdomen resulting in
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel a brownish discoloration of the skin and hair coat.
Puppies are born with a rough and curly hair coat and as
they become older, the glabrous skin becomes hyperpig-
mented and hyperkeratotic, particularly around the
nipples and inguinal region. Scales, footpad hyperkerato-
sis and abnormal nails, that may slough, develop at
about 6 months of age or older (Figure 170.10).
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca is noted as the puppies open
their eyes and can be mild to severe.

Figure 170.8 Two‐year‐old American bulldog with ichthyosis. Figure 170.10 One‐year‐old Cavalier King Charles spaniel with
Loosely adhered scales localized throughout the trunk. ichthyosiform disease showing severe footpad hyperkeratosis.