Page 13 - Canine Lameness

Contents xi

10 Diagnostic Imaging Techniques in Lameness Evaluation 125
Angela J. Marolf
10.1 Introduction 125
10.2 Radiography 125
10.3 Ultrasonography 126
10.4 Computed Tomography 127
10.5 Magnetic Resonance Imaging 130
10.6 Nuclear Medicine 131
References 133

11 Diagnostic Approach to Neoplastic Conditions Causing Lameness 135
Bernard Séguin
11.1 Introduction 135
11.2 Diagnostic Methods 135
11.2.1 Physical Examination 135
11.2.2 Fine-needle Aspirate and Biopsy 135
11.2.3 Diagnostic Imaging 137
11.2.4 Staging 137
11.3 Specific Tumors 138
11.3.1 Skin and Subcutaneous Neoplasia 138
11.3.2 Muscle Neoplasia 138
11.3.3 Bone Neoplasia 138
11.3.4 Joint Capsule Neoplasia 138
References 139

Section 2 Regional Diagnosis 141
Part III Distal Limb Lameness 143

12 Distal Limb Region 145
Nicolaas E. Lambrechts
12.1 Introduction 145
12.2 Normal Anatomy 145
12.2.1 Thoracic Limb 145
12.2.2 Pelvic Limb 151
12.2.3 Function, Posture, and Carriage 152
12.3 Arthritis 152
12.4 Fractures of the Distal Limb Region 154
12.4.1 Metacarpal and Metatarsal Fractures 154
12.4.2 Digit Fractures and Luxations 154
12.4.3 Sesamoid Disease 155
12.5 Conditions of Muscles, Tendon, and Ligaments 157
12.5.1 Dorsal Digital Ligament Sprain 157
12.5.2 Digital Flexor Muscle and Tendon Injuries 157
12.5.2.1 Superficial Digital Flexor Muscle 157
12.5.2.2 Deep Digital Flexor Muscle 159
12.5.2.3 Flexor Tendon Strain: Bowed Tendon 159