Page 1019 - Small Animal Clinical Nutrition 5th Edition

1058 Small Animal Clinical Nutrition

VetBooks.ir Table 56-5. Key nutritional factors in selected fiber-enhanced commercial veterinary therapeutic foods marketed for dogs with acute
gastroenteritis or acute enteritis.*

Energy Fiber
Protein
K
Dry foods
Cl
Fat
Na
Carbohydrate
(%) (%) (%) Fat density (%)** digestibility digestibility digestibility Primary
sources
(%)
(kcal/g) (%) (%) (%) of fiber**
Recommended 0.3-0.5 0.5-1.3 0.8-1.1 8-12 ≥3.2 7-15 ≥80 ≥80 ≥90 –
levels
Hill’s Prescription Cellulose,
Diet w/d Canine 0.22 0.46 0.70 8.8 3.3 16.4 84 92 95 soybean mill run,
beet pulp
Medi-Cal Fibre Formula 0.3 na 1.0 10.6 na 14.3 na na na Tomato pomace,
rice hulls, oat hulls,
flax meal,
apple pomace
Purina Veterinary Diets Beet pulp,
DCO Dual Fiber Control 0.34 0.82 0.70 12.4 3.7 7.6 79.9 80.4 90.6 pea fiber
Purina Veterinary Diets Soybean hulls,
OM Overweight 0.31 0.97 0.83 7.2 2.9 10.3 81.9 78.9 72.3 pea fiber, cellulose
Management Formula
Royal Canin Veterinary Cellulose, pea fiber,
Diet Calorie Control 0.33 0.77 0.90 10.4 3.1 17.6 na na na rice hulls, beet pulp,
CC 26 High Fiber psyllium husk
Royal Canin Veterinary Cellulose, rice hulls,
Diet Diabetic HF 18 0.27 0.88 0.88 9.9 3.3 12.1 na na na guar gum
Moist foods Na Cl K Fat Energy Fiber Protein Fat Carbohydrate Primary
(%) (%) (%) (%) density (%)** digestibility digestibility digestibility sources
(kcal/g) (%) (%) (%) of fiber**
Recommended 0.3-0.5 0.5-1.3 0.8-1.1 8-12 ≥3.2 7-15 ≥80 ≥80 ≥90 –
levels
Hill’s Prescription Diet
w/d Canine 0.24 0.76 0.64 12.7 3.6 12.4 88 90 92 Cellulose
Medi-Cal Fibre Formula Tomato pomace,
0.5 na 0.7 9.1 na 15.0 na na na guar gum, flax meal,
carrageenan
Purina Veterinary Diets Pea fiber, beet pulp,
OM Overweight 0.28 0.51 1.06 8.4 2.5 19.2 80.9 89.8 62.9 carrageenan
Management Formula
Royal Canin Veterinary Tomato pomace,
Diet Calorie Control 0.53 0.70 0.82 12.5 3.6 8.8 na na na guar gum, flax meal,
CC 26 High Fiber carrageenan
Key: Na = sodium, Cl = chloride, K = potassium, fiber = crude fiber, na = information not available from manufacturer.
*Nutrients expressed on a dry matter basis. To convert kcal to kJ, multiply kcal by 4.184.
**Insoluble fiber sources are best in fiber-enhanced foods (see text).

parent digestibility of fat by dogs can vary from approximately preferred energy substrate for enterocytes, glutamine is nec-
81 to 95%; fats with higher levels of unsaturated fatty acids are essary for maintaining gut mucosal integrity (Windmueller
more digestible (NRC, 2006). The apparent digestibility of and Spaeth, 1974, 1978). Commercial and homemade pet
dietary fat by cats is between 85 to 99%. Fat digestibility also foods containing meat ingredients provide glutamine.
depends on saturation of constituent fatty acids and age of cats. Unfortunately, an analytical method for determining gluta-
Older cats and kittens have lower fat digestibility (NRC, 2006). mine levels in foods is not widely available, making selection
Digestibility of protein, carbohydrates and fat in foods for pa- of foods based on glutamine content impractical (Kuhn et al,
tients with acute GI disease should be high because normal 1996). Glutamine intake can be increased by orally admin-
digestion and absorption of nutrients are often compromised. istering a 2% solution of glutamine in water; 0.5 g of gluta-
Moderate amounts of fiber decrease the DM digestibility of the mine per kg body weight should be provided daily. Many
overall food; however, digestibility of the non-fiber macronutri- pets will readily consume a glutamine solution, or these
ents is usually unaffected (Harmon et al, 1999). solutions can be administered by dose syringe or indwelling
feeding tubes. Such glutamine dosing regimens have been
Other Nutritional Factors used for treating canine patients with parvoviral enteritis.
Glutamine Alternatively, commercial liquid or moist homogenized
The amino acid, glutamine, is considered a conditionally enteral foods (Chapter 25) enhanced with glutamine may be
essential nutrient for pets with severe GI disorders. As the offered.