Page 1180 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

Test-Taking Strategy: Note the strategic words, need for further instruction. These
words indicate a negative event query and ask you to select an option that is an
incorrect statement. Recalling basic infection control measures and the measures to
prevent the spread of HIV will direct you to the correct option.
Level of Cognitive Ability: Evaluating
Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning
Content Area: Pediatrics: Infectious and Communicable Diseases
Health Problem: Pediatric-Specific: Immunodeficiency disease
Priority Concepts: Client Education; Infection
Reference: McKinney et al. (2018), p. 945.

410. Answer: 1, 2, 3, 5

Rationale: AIDS is a disorder caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
infection and is characterized by a generalized dysfunction of the immune system.
Home care instructions include the following: frequent hand washing; monitoring
for fever, malaise, fatigue, weight loss, vomiting, and diarrhea and notifying the
pediatrician if these occur; monitoring for signs and symptoms of opportunistic
infections; administering antiretroviral medications and other medications as
prescribed; avoiding exposure to other illnesses; keeping immunizations up to date;
monitoring weight and providing a high-calorie, high-protein diet; washing eating
utensils in the dishwasher; and avoiding sharing eating utensils. Gloves are worn for
care, especially when in contact with body fluids and changing diapers; diapers are
changed frequently and away from food areas, and soiled disposable diapers are
folded inward, closed with the tabs, and disposed of in a tightly covered plastic-
lined container. Any body fluid spills are cleaned with a bleach solution (10:1 ratio of
water to bleach).
Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject, care of the child with AIDS. Recalling
that AIDS is characterized by a generalized dysfunction of the immune system and
recalling the modes of transmission of the virus will assist in selecting the correct
home care instructions.
Level of Cognitive Ability: Analyzing
Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning
Content Area: Pediatrics: Infectious and Communicable Diseases
Health Problem: Pediatric-Specific: Immunodeficiency disease
Priority Concepts: Client Education; Infection
Reference: McKinney et al. (2018), p. 945.

411. Answer: 4

Rationale: Pertussis is transmitted by direct contact or respiratory droplets from
coughing. The communicable period occurs primarily during the catarrhal stage.
Respiratory precautions are not required during the convalescent phase. Options 1,
2, and 3 are accurate components of home care instructions.
Test-Taking Strategy: Note the strategic words, need for further instruction. These

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