Page 1245 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

white blood cells, frequently; if leukopenia develops,
the PHCP is notified (medication is usually
discontinued).
B. Mafenide acetate
1. Water-soluble cream that is bacteriostatic for gram-
negative and gram-positive organisms
2. Used to treat burns to reduce the bacteria present in
avascular tissues
3. Diffuses through the devascularized areas of the skin
and may precipitate metabolic acidosis with the client
displaying hyperventilation; monitor blood gases and
electrolytes.
4. Apply 1⁄16-inch (1.5 mm) film directly to the burn.
5. Side effects can include local pain and rash; medicate
for pain before application.
6. Adverse effects include bone marrow depression,
hemolytic anemia, and metabolic acidosis.
7. Keep the burn covered with mafenide acetate at all
times.
8. Notify the PHCP if hyperventilation occurs; if acidosis
develops, mafenide acetate is washed off the skin and
usually discontinued for 1 to 2 days.

Box 43-1
Poison Ivy Treatment Products

▪ Bentoquatam—for preventive use
▪ Calamine lotion
▪ Hydrocortisone
▪ Zinc acetate; isopropanol
▪ Zinc acetate; isopropanol; benzyl alcohol

Box 43-2

Medications to Treat Dermatitis

Systemic Immunosuppressants

▪ Azathioprine
▪ Cyclosporine
▪ Methotrexate
▪ Oral glucocorticoids

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