Page 1424 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

the emergency department. Which findings support this diagnosis? Select all
that apply.
1. Increase in pH

2. Comatose state

3. Deep, rapid breathing

4. Decreased urine output

5. Elevated blood glucose level
490. The nurse teaches a client with diabetes mellitus about differentiating
between hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis. The client demonstrates an
understanding of the teaching by stating that a form of glucose should be
taken if which symptoms develop? Select all that apply.
1. Polyuria

2. Shakiness
3. Palpitations

4. Blurred vision

5. Lightheadedness

6. Fruity breath odor

491. A client with diabetes mellitus demonstrates acute anxiety when admitted to
the hospital for the treatment of hyperglycemia. What is the appropriate
intervention to decrease the client’s anxiety?
1. Administer a sedative.
2. Convey empathy, trust, and respect toward the client.
3. Ignore the signs and symptoms of anxiety, anticipating that they
will soon disappear.
4. Make sure that the client is familiar with the correct medical terms
to promote understanding of what is happening.
492. The nurse provides instructions to a client newly diagnosed with type 1
diabetes mellitus. The nurse recognizes accurate understanding of measures
to prevent diabetic ketoacidosis when the client makes which statement?
1. “I will stop taking my insulin if I’m too sick to eat.”
2. “I will decrease my insulin dose during times of illness.”
3. “I will adjust my insulin dose according to the level of glucose in
my urine.”
4. “I will notify my primary health care provider (PHCP) if my
blood glucose level is higher than 250 mg/dL (13.9 mmol/L).”
493. A client is admitted to a hospital with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis
(DKA). The initial blood glucose level is 950 mg/dL (52.9 mmol/L). A
continuous intravenous (IV) infusion of short-acting insulin is initiated,
along with IV rehydration with normal saline. The serum glucose level is
now decreased to 240 mg/dL (13.3 mmol/L). The nurse would next prepare
to administer which medication?
1. An ampule of 50% dextrose

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